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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 13, 2026

SCAnED - An Open-source Skin Segmentation Macro for Semi-automated Cell and Nuclei Detection in Epidermal and Dermal Skin Compartments

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Published on: August 8, 2025

Pentachrome vitiligo in a segmental pattern.

Ru-Zhi Zhang¹, Wen-Yuan Zhu

¹The Third Affiliated Hospital of Suzhou University, Changzhou, China.

Photodermatology, Photoimmunology & Photomedicine

|March 6, 2013

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study details a rare case of pentachrome vitiligo, a pigmentary disorder presenting with five distinct colors in a segmental pattern. The condition involves both melanocyte absence and increase, offering insights into pigment regulation.

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Area of Science:

Dermatology
Pigmentary Disorders
Medical Case Reports

Background:

Vitiligo is a chronic autoimmune condition characterized by depigmentation of the skin.
Segmental vitiligo affects one side of the body in a dermatomal distribution.
Pentachrome vitiligo is a rare variant presenting with multiple pigmentary shades.

Observation:

A 22-year-old male presented with a lifelong pigmentary disorder since age 5.
Lesions exhibited a segmental pattern on the left trunk with five colors: white, tan, medium brown, dark brown, and black.
No preceding inflammation was reported in the affected areas.

Findings:

Biopsy from the inguinal region revealed a complete absence of melanocytes.
Conversely, hyperpigmented areas showed increased epidermal pigment and melanocyte counts.
Diagnosis of pentachrome vitiligo, segmental type, was established based on clinical and histological findings.

Implications:

This case highlights the complex and varied presentations of vitiligo.
Understanding the dual pathology of melanocyte absence and increase is crucial for pigmentary disorder research.
Further investigation into the pathogenesis of pentachrome vitiligo may reveal novel therapeutic targets.