Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 13, 2026

Computation of Atmospheric Concentrations of Molecular Clusters from ab initio Thermochemistry
Published on: April 8, 2020
Strongly separated pairs of core electrons in computed ground states of small molecules
Alex D Gottlieb1, Rada M Weishäupl
1Wolfgang Pauli Institute, Nordbergstrasse 15, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
Abstract:
We have performed full configuration interaction computations of the ground states of the molecules Be, BeH2, Li, LiH, B, and BH and verified that the core electrons constitute "separated electron pairs." These separated pairs of core electrons have nontrivial structure; the core pair does not simply occupy a single spatial orbital. Our method of establishing the presence of separated electron pairs is direct and conclusive. We do not fit a separated pair model; we work with the wavefunctions of interest directly. To establish that a given group of spin-orbitals contains a quasi-separated pair, we verify by direct computation that the quantum state of the electrons that occupy those spin-orbitals is nearly a pure 2-electron state.
Related Concept Videos
VSEPR Theory
VSEPR Theory and the Effect of Lone Pairs
Molecular Shapes
Two regions of electron density in a diatomic...
π Electron Effects on Chemical Shift: Overview
Electronic Structure of Atoms
An atom comprises protons and neutrons, which are contained inside the dense, central core called the nucleus, with electrons present around the nucleus. Taking into account the wave–particle duality of electrons and the uncertainty in position around the nucleus, quantum mechanics provides a more accurate model for the atomic structure. It describes atomic orbitals as the regions around the nucleus where electrons of discrete energy exist, characterized by four quantum numbers: n, l, ml, and...
Molecular Orbital Theory II

