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Magnetic Resonance Imaging Quantification of Pulmonary Perfusion using Calibrated Arterial Spin Labeling
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Simultaneous perfusion and permeability measurements using combined spin- and gradient-echo MRI.

Heiko Schmiedeskamp1, Jalal B Andre, Matus Straka

  • 1Lucas Center, Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-5488, USA.

Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism : Official Journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism
|March 7, 2013
PubMed
Summary

This study developed a method to accurately measure brain perfusion using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) by correcting for contrast agent (CA) leakage. This improved the estimation of cerebral blood volume (CBV) and mean transit time (MTT) in brain tumor patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Radiology
  • Medical Physics

Background:

  • Accurate estimation of brain perfusion parameters is crucial for diagnosing and monitoring brain tumors.
  • Contrast agent (CA) extravasation in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can significantly distort perfusion measurements.
  • Existing methods for estimating perfusion parameters are susceptible to errors caused by CA extravasation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To estimate brain perfusion parameters using combined multiecho spin-echo and gradient-echo MRI.
  • To correct these parameters for contrast agent (CA) extravasation effects.
  • To simultaneously determine vascular permeability.

Main Methods:

  • Acquisition of perfusion data using a combined multiecho spin- and gradient-echo (SAGE) echo-planar imaging sequence.
  • Correction for CA extravasation effects using pharmacokinetic modeling.
  • Validation in simulations and brain tumor patients, compared with uncorrected data.

Main Results:

  • Uncorrected single-echo data underestimated CA concentrations, CBV, and MTT in the presence of CA extravasation.
  • Uncorrected multiecho data overestimated CA concentrations, CBV, and MTT.
  • The developed correction method yielded CBV and MTT estimates consistent with tissue characteristics; spin-echo data reduced blooming artifacts, aiding tumor assessment.

Conclusions:

  • The developed method accurately estimates brain perfusion parameters by correcting for CA extravasation effects.
  • This approach improves the reliability of cerebral blood volume (CBV) and mean transit time (MTT) measurements in brain tumor imaging.
  • The method facilitates better differentiation between tumor-related CBV changes and normal vascular structures, and provides reliable vascular permeability estimates.