A review of the cardiometabolic risk experience among Canadian Métis populations
Heather J A Foulds1, Mamdouh M Shubair, Darren E R Warburton
1Experimental Medicine Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Insights
Métis populations in Canada face a higher burden of cardiometabolic risk, including diabetes and obesity. Addressing social and lifestyle factors is crucial for reducing these chronic conditions.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
- Indigenous Health
Background:
- Cardiometabolic risk factors like cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and obesity are increasing in Western societies.
- Aboriginal populations disproportionately experience these chronic conditions, with limited data on Métis populations.
- Métis communities face significant health disparities compared to non-Aboriginal Canadians.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review and evaluate the cardiometabolic risk experience among Métis populations in Canada.
- To understand the prevalence of cardiometabolic conditions within this specific Indigenous group.
Main Methods:
- A comprehensive literature review was conducted.
- Data on cardiometabolic risk, chronic conditions, and social determinants of health were synthesized.
- Comparisons were made between Métis, First Nations, and non-Aboriginal populations.
Main Results:
- Métis populations exhibit higher rates of metabolic syndrome, diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular disease than non-Aboriginal Canadians.
- Poorer life expectancy, lower educational and employment attainment, and reduced healthcare access are prevalent among Métis.
- Health challenges and influencing factors for Métis are more aligned with First Nations than non-Aboriginal populations.
Conclusions:
- Métis populations bear a greater burden of cardiometabolic risk and its components compared to the general Canadian population.
- Interventions targeting sociodemographic, lifestyle, and social determinants are essential for mitigating chronic disease.
- Métis must be included in broader strategies aimed at reducing chronic conditions among all Aboriginal peoples in Canada.
Abstract:
Cardiometabolic risk is a growing concern in Western society in which rates of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and obesity are on the rise. Aboriginal populations currently experience unequal burdens of these chronic conditions. However, limited information regarding the experience of cardiometabolic risk among Métis populations is available. This review sought to evaluate the cardiometabolic risk experience among Métis populations in Canada. Canada's Métis population currently experiences greater burdens of chronic conditions including metabolic syndrome, diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular disease than that of the non-Aboriginal population. Métis populations also experience poorer life expectancy, education, and employment attainments, and reduced access to health care services compared with non-Aboriginal populations. Interventions addressing the deficiencies in sociodemographic, lifestyle, and social determinants among the Métis population might help combat rising experiences of chronic diseases faced by these people. Though the burden of chronic conditions, sociodemographic, lifestyle challenges, and social determinants of health among Métis populations are generally less than that of First Nations populations, Métis people experience these health challenges and influencing factors are generally more similar to that of First Nations than non-Aboriginal peoples. Subsequently, Métis populations need to be included in plans and strategies to reduce chronic conditions among Aboriginal populations. In conclusion, Métis populations experience greater burden of cardiometabolic risk and its components than the general Canadian population.
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