[Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in 2012: who? Where? How?]

Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation has dramatically changed over the years since its beginnings. The diseases treated with transplantation (malignant hemopathies, severe benign hemopathies such as congenital or acquired congenital medullary aplasia, hemoglobinopathies, as well as severe immune system deficiencies and certain overload diseases), stem cell sources (bone marrow, peripheral stem cells, placental blood), donor types (intrafamilial, nonrelated, totally or partially compatible), conditioning regimen (immunosuppressors, graft manipulation), and supportive care increasingly vary. Allogeneic stem cell transplantation and more widely cellular therapies now need to be discussed. In this paper, we propose an overview of these therapies in 2012 for pediatric patients.