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Baby's Breath II protocol development and design: a secondhand smoke exposure prevention program targeting infants

Angela L Stotts1, Thomas F Northrup, Joy M Schmitz

  • 1Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, 6431 Fannin, Houston, TX 77030, USA. Angela.L.Stotts@uth.tmc.edu

Contemporary Clinical Trials
|March 8, 2013
PubMed

Insights

This study evaluated a motivational program to reduce secondhand smoke exposure in premature infants. The intervention showed promise in protecting vulnerable babies from harmful environmental tobacco smoke.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Health
  • Public Health
  • Neonatal Care

Background:

  • Secondhand smoke exposure (SHSe) negatively impacts child health, with higher risks for medically fragile infants.
  • Premature infants, especially those with low birthweight (LBW), are particularly vulnerable to SHSe.
  • Neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) graduates often face continued exposure to environmental tobacco smoke.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test a hospital-initiated, motivational-enhancement program to reduce SHSe in high-risk, LBW infants.
  • To compare the efficacy of a motivational interviewing plus incentives (MI+) program against conventional care (CC) for reducing SHSe.
  • To assess the impact of the intervention on infant SHSe post-discharge from the NICU.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized controlled trial involving primary caregivers of LBW or ventilated NICU infants who smoke or live with smokers.
  • Intervention group received motivational interviewing, counseling sessions, and incentives for attendance and low infant SHSe (verified by cotinine.
  • Control group received standard education-based care; assessments at baseline, mid-point, and 1- and 4-months post-intervention.

Main Results:

  • The Baby's Breath II (BBII) trial is ongoing, assessing intervention effectiveness.
  • Preliminary data will indicate the reduction in SHSe compared to conventional care.
  • Biochemical validation (urine cotinine) will confirm SHSe levels in infants.

Conclusions:

  • This study is the first to assess a brief intervention for reducing SHSe in high-risk NICU infants.
  • The intervention has the potential to reduce infant mortality and healthcare expenditures.
  • The study discusses strengths, limitations, and challenges in conducting this trial.
Abstract

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