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Why parasuicides repeat despite problem resolution.

I Sakinofsky1, R S Roberts

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto.

The British Journal of Psychiatry : the Journal of Mental Science
|March 1, 1990
PubMed
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Repeat self-harm in parasuicide is common, even when problems are resolved. Repeaters exhibit more severe issues and distinct psychological patterns, suggesting underlying factors contribute to continued self-harm behaviors.

Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Psychology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Parasuicide, or self-harm without suicidal intent, presents a significant public health challenge.
  • Understanding the factors contributing to repeated self-harm is crucial for effective intervention and prevention strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the characteristics of individuals who engage in repeated parasuicide despite resolving their initial problems.
  • To identify predictors of repeat self-harm behavior.

Main Methods:

  • A comparative study involving 30 repeaters and 156 non-repeaters of parasuicide.
  • Analysis of demographic, historical, and psychological variables, including feelings of hostility, powerlessness, and normlessness.
  • Development of a predictive model using nine key variables.

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Main Results:

  • Repeaters had a history of more frequent self-harm episodes starting at a younger age.
  • Repeaters experienced more severe problems and potentially less lethal self-harm acts.
  • Nine variables accurately predicted 81.5% of repeaters and 77.5% of non-repeaters; repeaters showed no significant improvement at follow-up.

Conclusions:

  • Despite problem resolution, a subgroup of parasuicides continues to repeat self-harm, indicating persistent underlying psychological factors.
  • The characteristics of repeaters, including psychological distress and lack of improvement, highlight the need for targeted interventions beyond immediate problem-solving.