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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 13, 2026

A Piglet Model of Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy

A Piglet Model of Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy

Published on: May 16, 2015

How to use... neonatal TORCH testing.

Eveline P de Jong¹, Ann C T M Vossen, Frans J Walther

¹Department of Paediatrics, Juliana Children’s Hospital, HAGA Hospital, The Hague, The Netherlands.

Archives of Disease in Childhood. Education and Practice Edition

|March 9, 2013

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Congenital TORCH infections pose risks to newborns. This review clarifies appropriate screening, interpretation, and sample submission for Toxoplasma gondii, rubella, cytomegalovirus, and herpes simplex virus testing.

Keywords:

Fetal Medicine Infectious Diseases Neonatology Virology

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Area of Science:

Medical Microbiology
Infectious Diseases
Neonatal Health

Background:

Congenital TORCH infections (Toxoplasma gondii, rubella, cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex virus) cause significant fetal and neonatal morbidity/mortality.
TORCH screening, typically single serum testing, is increasingly used inappropriately, raising concerns about indications and cost-effectiveness.
Challenges in TORCH screening include incorrect test requests, misinterpretation of results, and improper sample submission.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the pathogenesis, epidemiology, and clinical consequences of congenital TORCH infections.
To discuss appropriate indications for TORCH screening.
To clarify the interpretation of TORCH screening results.

Main Methods:

Literature review of pathogenesis, epidemiology, and clinical outcomes of congenital TORCH infections.
Analysis of current practices and guidelines for TORCH screening.
Discussion of diagnostic challenges and interpretation of serological results.

Main Results:

Congenital TORCH infections are associated with severe adverse outcomes in fetuses and neonates.
Inappropriate use of TORCH screening is prevalent, leading to diagnostic and economic inefficiencies.
Accurate interpretation of single serum results and correct sample handling are critical for diagnosis.

Conclusions:

Optimizing TORCH screening requires adherence to proper indications and accurate interpretation of diagnostic tests.
Improved understanding and application of TORCH testing protocols can enhance diagnostic accuracy and patient outcomes.
This review aims to guide clinicians in the appropriate use and interpretation of TORCH screening.