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Hearing

Hearing

When we hear a sound, our nervous system is detecting sound waves—pressure waves of mechanical energy traveling through a medium. The frequency of the wave is perceived as pitch, while the amplitude is perceived as loudness.

Auditory Pathway

Auditory Pathway

Auditory pathways constitute the complex neural circuits responsible for transmitting and interpreting auditory information from the peripheral auditory system to the brain. Sound waves are initially captured by the outer ear, funneled through the ear canal, and reach the tympanic membrane (eardrum). These vibrations are transmitted via the middle ear's ossicles to the inner ear's cochlea.
When viewed cross-sectionally, the cochlea reveals the scala vestibuli and scala tympani flanking the...

Perceiving Loudness, Pitch, and Location

Perceiving Loudness, Pitch, and Location

The human brain perceives pitch through two primary mechanisms reflected in place theory and frequency theory. Each mechanism describes how sound waves are interpreted as specific pitches by the brain, offering insights into the intricate processes of auditory perception.
Place theory, or place coding, suggests that different pitches are heard because various sound waves activate specific locations along the cochlea's basilar membrane. The brain determines the pitch of a sound by identifying...

The Cochlea

The Cochlea

The cochlea is a coiled structure in the inner ear that contains hair cells—the sensory receptors of the auditory system. Sound waves are transmitted to the cochlea by small bones attached to the eardrum called the ossicles, which vibrate the oval window that leads to the inner ear. This causes fluid in the chambers of the cochlea to move, vibrating the basilar membrane.

Cerebral Hemispheres

Cerebral Hemispheres

The human brain, a complex organ, is functionally divided into two cerebral hemispheres—left and right. These hemispheres are interconnected by a structure of paramount importance, the corpus callosum. This substantial bundle of neural fibers is not just a bridge between the hemispheres but a crucial element for the brain's comprehensive functioning. It enables efficient communication between the two hemispheres, allowing each side of the brain to control and receive sensory and motor...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 13, 2026

Neuro-rehabilitation Approach for Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss

Neuro-rehabilitation Approach for Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss

Published on: January 25, 2016

Brainstem processing following unilateral and bilateral hearing-aid amplification.

Piers Dawes¹, Kevin J Munro, Sridhar Kalluri

¹Audiology and Deafness Research Group, School of Psychological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK. piers.dawes@manchester.ac.uk

|March 9, 2013

Summary

Hearing aid use for 12 weeks did not show significant changes in auditory brainstem responses, suggesting no peripheral auditory system plasticity. This study investigated functional changes in hearing aid users.

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Area of Science:

Auditory Neuroscience
Audiology
Neuroplasticity

Background:

Previous research suggested hearing aid use might induce peripheral auditory system plasticity.
Understanding these potential changes is crucial for optimizing hearing aid fitting and rehabilitation.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate functional plasticity in the peripheral auditory system after 12 weeks of hearing aid use.
To compare changes in auditory brainstem responses between new unilateral and bilateral hearing aid users and a control group.

Main Methods:

Click-evoked auditory brainstem response (cABR) was measured at initial fitting and after 12 weeks of hearing aid use.
Participants included new unilateral and bilateral hearing aid users, and a control group of experienced users.
Latency and amplitude of cABR were analyzed to assess neural pathway function.

Main Results:

No significant alterations in auditory brainstem response latency or amplitude were observed in any participant group.
The findings did not support the hypothesis of induced plastic changes in the peripheral auditory system within 12 weeks of hearing aid use.

Conclusions:

Twelve weeks of hearing aid use does not appear to induce measurable functional plasticity at the peripheral auditory system level.
Further research with longer durations or different methodologies may be needed to explore potential hearing aid-induced neuroplasticity.