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Related Concept Videos

Gene Regulation in Microbial Communities: Quorum Sensing01:28

Gene Regulation in Microbial Communities: Quorum Sensing

Quorum sensing is a mechanism of bacterial communication that enables coordinated gene expression in response to changes in population density. This facilitates collective behaviors that enhance survival, resource acquisition, and ecological adaptation. This process relies on small signaling molecules called autoinducers that accumulate as bacterial populations grow. When a critical threshold concentration of autoinducers is reached, bacterial cells collectively modify gene expression,...
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Bacterial Signaling

Bacterial signaling can occur within bacteria (intracellular) or between bacteria (intercellular). At times, a group of bacteria behaves like a community. To achieve this, they engage in quorum sensing, the perception of higher cell density that causes changes in gene expression. Quorum sensing involves both extracellular and intracellular signaling. The signaling cascade starts with a molecule called an autoinducer (AI). Individual bacteria produce AIs that move out of the bacterial cell...
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Regulation of Bacterial Virulence

Pathogenic bacteria employ a range of regulatory mechanisms to modulate the expression of virulence genes in response to environmental and host-derived signals. These mechanisms ensure that virulence factors are expressed only under favorable conditions, thereby optimizing infection and survival strategies.Mechanisms of Virulence RegulationKey regulatory strategies include:Two-Component Systems: These consist of a membrane-bound sensor kinase and a cytoplasmic response regulator. Environmental...
Colonisation of Pathogens01:25

Colonisation of Pathogens

Pathogen colonization of host tissues is a critical step in the development of infectious diseases. Various pathogenic microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, viruses, and protozoa, have evolved complex strategies to attach to, invade, and persist within host environments. These mechanisms enable pathogens to establish infections, evade immune responses, and resist antimicrobial treatments.Attachment to Host CellsIn bacteria, colonization typically begins with adherence to host epithelial...
Defense Against Bacterial Pathogens01:31

Defense Against Bacterial Pathogens

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Phagocytes
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Stringent Response in E. coli01:23

Stringent Response in E. coli

Bacterial growth is closely tied to nutrient availability, with cells proliferating exponentially under favorable conditions and entering a stationary phase when resources become scarce. This transition is mediated by a regulatory mechanism known as the stringent response, which allows bacteria to adapt to nutrient deprivation by modulating gene expression and metabolic activity.During nutrient scarcity, intracellular amino acid levels decline. It results in the accumulation of uncharged tRNAs...

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Anti-virulent Disruption of Pathogenic Biofilms using Engineered Quorum-quenching Lactonases
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Published on: January 1, 2016

Exploiting quorum sensing to confuse bacterial pathogens.

Breah LaSarre1, Michael J Federle

  • 1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.

Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews : MMBR
|March 9, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Quorum sensing inhibition (QSI) offers a promising antivirulence strategy against bacterial pathogens by disrupting cell-cell communication. While not universally effective, QSI therapies show potential for treating infections in humans, animals, and plants.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Biochemistry
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Cell-cell communication, known as quorum sensing (QS), regulates bacterial gene expression, particularly in pathogens.
  • QS controls virulence factors essential for invasion, defense, and spread, making it a key target for antivirulence strategies.
  • The rise of antibiotic resistance necessitates alternative therapeutic approaches.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review chemical compounds and enzymes that inhibit quorum sensing (QSI).
  • To explore QSI's potential as an antivirulence strategy against bacterial pathogens.
  • To discuss the efficacy, limitations, and future directions of QSI therapies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on quorum sensing inhibition (QSI).
  • Analysis of compounds and enzymes targeting QS signaling molecules, biogenesis, or detection.
  • Evaluation of QSI's impact on bacterial pathogenesis in various hosts.

Main Results:

  • QSI compounds and enzymes target key aspects of bacterial cell-cell communication.
  • QSI demonstrates potential efficacy against certain bacterial pathogens by attenuating virulence.
  • Failures and concerns associated with QSI therapy are identified, guiding future research.

Conclusions:

  • Quorum sensing inhibition represents a viable antivirulence strategy with potential applications in human, animal, and plant health.
  • Further research is needed to overcome limitations and optimize QSI therapies for broader efficacy.
  • QSI holds promise for developing novel treatments against antibiotic-resistant pathogens.