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Related Concept Videos

Multi-species Conserved Sequences02:51

Multi-species Conserved Sequences

Next-generation sequencing technologies have created large genomic databases of a variety of animals and plants. Ever since the human genome project was completed, scientists studied the genome of primates, mammals, and other phylogenetically distant living beings. Such large-scale  studies have provided new insights into the evolutionary relationship between organisms.
Although the genome of each species varies greatly from each other, a few sequences are highly conserved. Such conserved DNA...
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms-SNPs01:05

Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms-SNPs

A single nucleotide polymorphism or SNP is a single nucleotide variation at a specific genomic position in a large population. It is the most prevalent type of sequence variation found in the human genome. Point mutations that occur in more than 1% of the population qualify as SNPs. These are present once every 1000 nucleotides on an average in the human genome. Replacement of a purine with another purine (A/G) or a pyrimidine with another pyrimidine (C/T) is known as a transition. In contrast,...
Comparing Copy Number Variations and SNPs02:26

Comparing Copy Number Variations and SNPs

Sequencing of the human genome has opened up several best-kept secrets of the genome. Scientists have identified thousands of genome variations that exist within a population. These variations can be a single nucleotide or a larger chromosomal variation.
Copy number variations or CNVs are the structural variations that cover more than 1kb of DNA sequence. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), on the other hand, is a single nucleotide change or a point mutation that is found in more than 1%...
Genetic Screens02:46

Genetic Screens

Genetic screens are tools used to identify genes and mutations responsible for phenotypes of interest. Genetic screens help identify individuals or a group of people at risk of developing  genetic diseases and help them with early intervention, targeted therapy, and reproductive options.
Forward genetic screens
Forward or “classical” genetic screens involve creating random mutations in an organism’s DNA using radiation, mutagens, or insertion of additional bases, which result in visible changes...
Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS01:11

Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS

Genome-wide association studies or GWAS are used to identify whether common SNPs are associated with certain diseases. Suppose specific SNPs are more frequently observed in individuals with a particular disease than those without the disease. In that case, those SNPs are said to be associated with the disease. Chi-square analysis is performed to check the probability of the allele likely to be associated with the disease.
GWAS does not require the identification of the target gene involved in...
Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons02:54

Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons

Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 13, 2026

Detection of Rare Genomic Variants from Pooled Sequencing Using SPLINTER
14:06

Detection of Rare Genomic Variants from Pooled Sequencing Using SPLINTER

Published on: June 23, 2012

Sturgeon conservation genomics: SNP discovery and validation using RAD sequencing.

R Ogden1, K Gharbi, N Mugue

  • 1TRACE Wildlife Forensics Network, RZSS, Edinburgh, EH12 6TS, UK. rob.ogden@tracenetwork.org

Molecular Ecology
|March 12, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study developed new DNA markers to help conserve endangered sturgeon species. These single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers improve genetic identification for conservation and caviar traceability.

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Area of Science:

  • Marine Biology
  • Conservation Genetics
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Acipenser sturgeon species are critically endangered due to overfishing and habitat loss.
  • Complex evolutionary histories and introgression events hinder effective conservation efforts.
  • A lack of specific DNA markers impedes genetic identification for species, population, and individual levels.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discover and characterize single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) DNA markers for four Acipenser sturgeon species.
  • To develop tools for conservation management, traceability, and enforcement of sturgeon populations.
  • To address the need for genetic identification markers in endangered sturgeon.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized RAD sequencing to generate 14.4 Gb of paired-end data.
  • Focused on identifying SNPs within paired-end contigs.
  • Performed in silico and empirical validation of candidate SNP markers across population and family samples.

Main Results:

  • Identified thousands of putatively informative SNP markers.
  • Discovered novel SNPs differentiating Russian and Persian sturgeons at the population level.
  • Demonstrated the potential for genotyping-by-sequencing in polyploid sturgeon species.

Conclusions:

  • Established valuable genetic resources for sturgeon conservation and management.
  • Provided new tools for caviar traceability and enforcement, crucial for combating illegal fishing.
  • Highlighted the utility of RAD sequencing for identifying genetic markers in endangered, polyploid species.