Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Entropy Change in Reversible Processes

Entropy Change in Reversible Processes

In the Carnot engine, which achieves the maximum efficiency between two reservoirs of fixed temperatures, the total change in entropy is zero. The observation can be generalized by considering any reversible cyclic process consisting of many Carnot cycles. Thus, it can be stated that the total entropy change of any ideal reversible cycle is zero.
The statement can be further generalized to prove that entropy is a state function. Take a cyclic process between any two points on a p-V diagram.

Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age

Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age

Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...

BIBO stability of continuous and discrete -time systems

BIBO stability of continuous and discrete -time systems

System stability is a fundamental concept in signal processing, often assessed using convolution. For a system to be considered bounded-input bounded-output (BIBO) stable, any bounded input signal must produce a bounded output signal. A bounded input signal is one where the modulus does not exceed a certain constant at any point in time.
To determine the BIBO stability, the convolution integral is utilized when a bounded continuous-time input is applied to a Linear Time-Invariant (LTI) system.

Entropy Changes Accompanying Specific Processes

Entropy Changes Accompanying Specific Processes

Entropy, a measure of disorder in a system, changes during phase transitions like freezing or boiling. At the transition temperature Ttrs, where two phases are in equilibrium, the phase transition is a reversible process. The entropy change can be calculated from a substance's enthalpy of transition using the equation ΔStrs = ΔtrsH /Ttrs.When a perfect gas expands isothermally from one volume to another, entropy increases logarithmically with volume. Conversely, isothermal compression results...

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption

As individuals age, their body's physiology evolves, affecting drug pharmacokinetics. The most apparent changes occur in the gastrointestinal tract, where an increase in gastric pH, a delay in gastric emptying, and a reduction in gastrointestinal motility are observed. Remarkably, these changes do not substantially modify the absorption of orally administered drugs, particularly those absorbed via passive diffusion.Transdermal drug delivery emerges as a highly viable method for older adults due...

The Swing Equation

The Swing Equation

The Swing Equation is a fundamental tool in power system dynamics, especially for analyzing the behavior of generating units like three-phase synchronous generators. This equation emerges from applying Newton's second law to the rotor of a generator, encompassing factors such as inertia, angular acceleration, and the interplay between mechanical and electrical torques.
In a steady-state operation, the mechanical torque (Τm) supplied to the generator is balanced by the electrical torque (Τe)...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

DNA calorimetric force spectroscopy at single base pair resolution.

Nature communications·2025

Same author

Massively parallel analysis of single-molecule dynamics on next-generation sequencing chips.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2024

Same author

A rare intraocular foreign body resulting from a workplace accident.

Archivos de la Sociedad Espanola de Oftalmologia·2024

Same author

Variance sum rule for entropy production.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2024

Same author

First report of Central-line-associated bloodstream infection (CLAB- SI) due to Enterococcus raffinosus (ER) in a cancer patient.

La Clinica terapeutica·2023

Same author

Magnesium alginate in patients with laryngopharyngeal reflux.

Journal of biological regulators and homeostatic agents·2021

Same journal

Erratum: Bacterial Turbulence at Compressible Fluid Interfaces [Phys. Rev. Lett. 136, 138301 (2026)].

Physical review letters·2026

Same journal

Unveiling Light-Quark Yukawa Flavor Structure via Dihadron Fragmentation at Lepton Colliders.

Physical review letters·2026

Same journal

Adaptable Route to Fast Coherent State Transport via Bang-Bang-Bang Protocols.

Physical review letters·2026

Same journal

Topological Transition and Emergence of Elasticity of Dislocation in Skyrmion Lattice: Beyond Kittel's Magnetic-Polar Analogy.

Physical review letters·2026

Same journal

Pound-Drever-Hall Method for Superconducting-Qubit Readout.

Physical review letters·2026

Same journal

Coupling a ^{73}Ge Nuclear Spin to an Electrostatically Defined Quantum Dot in Silicon.

Physical review letters·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 13, 2026

Age-dependent Dynamics of Locomotion in Caenorhabditis elegans: A Lyapunov Exponent Analysis

Age-dependent Dynamics of Locomotion in Caenorhabditis elegans: A Lyapunov Exponent Analysis

Published on: September 23, 2025

Fluctuation relation for weakly ergodic aging systems.

A Crisanti¹, M Picco, F Ritort

¹Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma La Sapienza, Piazzale Aldo Moro 2, 00185 Roma, Italy.

Physical Review Letters

|March 12, 2013

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

A new fluctuation relation for aging systems offers a simple, experimentally viable method to measure replica symmetry breaking parameters. This approach is based on partial equilibration and entropy-driven relaxation dynamics.

More Related Videos

Combining Magnetic Sorting of Mother Cells and Fluctuation Tests to Analyze Genome Instability During Mitotic Cell Aging in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Combining Magnetic Sorting of Mother Cells and Fluctuation Tests to Analyze Genome Instability During Mitotic Cell Aging in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Published on: October 16, 2014

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids

Published on: December 4, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 13, 2026

Age-dependent Dynamics of Locomotion in Caenorhabditis elegans: A Lyapunov Exponent Analysis

Age-dependent Dynamics of Locomotion in Caenorhabditis elegans: A Lyapunov Exponent Analysis

Published on: September 23, 2025

Combining Magnetic Sorting of Mother Cells and Fluctuation Tests to Analyze Genome Instability During Mitotic Cell Aging in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Combining Magnetic Sorting of Mother Cells and Fluctuation Tests to Analyze Genome Instability During Mitotic Cell Aging in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Published on: October 16, 2014

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids

Published on: December 4, 2017

Area of Science:

Statistical Mechanics
Complex Systems

Background:

Aging systems exhibit slow relaxation dynamics and violate the standard fluctuation-dissipation theorem.
Understanding the behavior of these systems is crucial for various fields, including condensed matter physics and computer science.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce a novel fluctuation relation applicable to aging systems.
To provide a method for measuring replica symmetry breaking parameters in these systems.
To explore the connection between this new relation and effective temperatures.

Main Methods:

Development of a new fluctuation relation based on partial equilibration and entropy-driven relaxation.
Extensive numerical simulations to verify the proposed relation.
Analysis of the connection to effective temperatures derived from the fluctuation-dissipation theorem.

Main Results:

The proposed fluctuation relation is introduced and validated through numerical simulations.
The relation offers a simplified, experimentally implementable approach to quantify replica symmetry breaking.
Insights into the role of partial equilibration in aging dynamics are provided.

Conclusions:

The new fluctuation relation is a powerful tool for characterizing aging systems.
It provides a practical alternative for measuring key parameters like replica symmetry breaking.
Further research can explore its application in diverse experimental settings.