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Influenza and RSV make a modest contribution to invasive pneumococcal disease incidence in the UK

Emily J Nicoli1, Caroline L Trotter, Katherine M E Turner

  • 1School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Canynge Hall, 39 Whatley Road, Bristol BS8 2PS, UK. E.Nicoli@bristol.ac.uk

The Journal of Infection
|March 12, 2013
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) seasonality is linked to viral respiratory infections like influenza and RSV. Preventing these viral infections could reduce IPD cases by over 10%.

Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) and viral respiratory infections exhibit common seasonal patterns.
  • The precise impact of seasonality on the relationship between IPD and specific viral pathogens remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between IPD incidence and seasonal viral respiratory infections, specifically influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV).
  • To quantify the proportion of IPD cases attributable to influenza and RSV, considering seasonal factors.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of weekly surveillance data for IPD, influenza, and RSV in England and Wales (1996-2009).
  • Utilized ambient temperature and sunshine hours as indicators of seasonality.
  • Employed correlation coefficients and regression models (additive and multiplicative) to assess associations.

Main Results:

  • Influenza was linked to 6-7.5% of IPD cases, while RSV was associated with 3-4%.
  • Correlation coefficients indicated stronger associations between IPD and viral infections than regression models.
  • Seasonality, particularly temperature, appeared to influence the observed relationships.

Conclusions:

  • A notable percentage of IPD cases may be attributed to influenza and RSV, especially when accounting for seasonal variations.
  • Combined, these viral infections could account for over 10% of IPD cases.
  • Preventive strategies targeting viral respiratory infections may offer a complementary approach to reducing the burden of invasive pneumococcal infections.

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