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Related Concept Videos

Encephalitis l: Introduction01:19

Encephalitis l: Introduction

Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma, most often due to infections or autoimmune processes. It presents with neuropsychiatric features such as fever, altered mental status, behavioral changes, cognitive dysfunction, seizures, focal deficits, and sometimes autonomic instability. In some cases, the meninges are also involved, resulting in meningoencephalitis.Infectious CausesInfectious encephalitis is most commonly viral but can also result from bacterial, fungal, or parasitic...
Encephalitis ll: Pathophysiology01:26

Encephalitis ll: Pathophysiology

Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma caused by direct viral invasion or immune-mediated mechanisms triggered by infections or tumors. Both processes lead to neuronal injury, disrupted neurotransmission, and diverse neurological symptoms, often with overlapping clinical and pathological features.Autoimmune EncephalitisIn autoimmune encephalitis, antibodies target neuronal antigens on cell surfaces, synapses, or within neurons. A key example is anti-NMDAR encephalitis, which can...
Viral Meningitis01:18

Viral Meningitis

Viral meningitis is the most common form of meningitis and is often referred to as aseptic meningitis to indicate the absence of bacterial involvement. It is generally milder than bacterial meningitis, with symptoms including fever, headache, stiff neck, drowsiness, nausea, photophobia, and vomiting. Rarely, more severe manifestations or death may occur. Common causative agents include enteroviruses, particularly coxsackie A and B viruses and echoviruses, all members of the Enterovirus genus...
Arboviral Encephalitis01:25

Arboviral Encephalitis

Arboviral encephalitis refers to brain inflammation caused by arthropod-borne viruses, particularly those transmitted through mosquito vectors. Among these, West Nile virus (WNV), a member of the Flaviviridae family, is a significant public health concern. WNV is an enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus. Human infection typically begins when an infected mosquito introduces the virus into the dermis during feeding. The primary transmission cycle involves birds as amplifying hosts...

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Electromagnetic Source Imaging in Presurgical Evaluation of Children with Drug-Resistant Epilepsy
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[Paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis: 2 pediatric cases].

J Mollier-Saliner1, S Thouvenin, S Darteyre

  • 1Unité d'onco-hématologie pédiatrique, service de pédiatrie, CHU de Saint-Étienne, avenue Albert-Raymond, 42055 Saint-Étienne cedex 2, France. juliemollier@hotmail.fr

Archives De Pediatrie : Organe Officiel De La Societe Francaise De Pediatrie
|March 12, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Paraneoplastic neurologic disorders, including limbic encephalitis, are rare in children but can indicate underlying cancers like Hodgkin lymphoma or leukemia. Early diagnosis is crucial for managing these complex immune-mediated conditions.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Oncology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Paraneoplastic neurologic disorders involve immune responses to tumors expressing neuronal proteins.
  • Limbic encephalitis is typically an adult disorder associated with specific cancers.

Observation:

  • This report details two rare pediatric cases of limbic encephalitis.
  • One case revealed Hodgkin lymphoma, while the other indicated a meningeal relapse of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Findings:

  • Limbic encephalitis can manifest in childhood, presenting with neurological and psychiatric symptoms.
  • The syndrome may be an early indicator of occult malignancies in pediatric patients.

Implications:

  • Highlights the importance of considering limbic encephalitis in the differential diagnosis of unexplained neurological symptoms in children.
  • Suggests potential for earlier cancer detection through recognition of this rare paraneoplastic syndrome in pediatric populations.