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Related Concept Videos

Chronic Inflammation: Introduction01:12

Chronic Inflammation: Introduction

Chronic inflammation is a prolonged, dysregulated immune response that persists for weeks to years when the inciting stimulus is difficult to eradicate or when self‑antigens drive ongoing reactivity. Morphologically, it is defined by mononuclear cell infiltration, progressive tissue destruction, and concurrent attempts at healing via angiogenesis and fibrosis. Compared with acute inflammation, edema is less prominent while cellular infiltration predominates; triggers include persistent...
Inflammation01:38

Inflammation

Overview
Acute Inflammation I: Inflammatory Response01:26

Acute Inflammation I: Inflammatory Response

Acute inflammation is a rapid, short-lived physiological response to tissue injury or infection, designed to eliminate harmful agents and initiate repair. This tightly regulated process typically lasts from minutes to several days and is triggered by factors such as microbial invasion, physical trauma, or chemical injury.Recognition and Mediator ReleaseThe inflammatory response begins when resident immune cells—such as mast cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells—detect damage-associated...
Acute Inflammation II: Local and Systemic Effects01:25

Acute Inflammation II: Local and Systemic Effects

Acute inflammation produces a coordinated set of local and systemic changes that limit injury, eliminate pathogens, and initiate repair. These responses arise within minutes of infection, trauma, or chemical insult and are driven by vascular alterations and leukocyte-derived mediators. When the stimulus resolves, the reaction typically abates within days.Local EffectsAt the site of injury, arteriolar vasodilation increases blood flow, resulting in redness and warmth. Simultaneously, increased...
Inflammatory Response01:28

Inflammatory Response

An inflammatory response is a localized, nonspecific immune reaction that occurs when a tissue is injured. It is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, which are commonly called the cardinal signs and symptoms of inflammation. Inflammation can sometimes result in a loss of function.
Inflammation can be triggered by various stimuli, such as impact, abrasion, chemical irritation, infections, and extreme hot or cold temperatures. These can damage cells and connective tissue fibers,...
Inflammation: Introduction01:28

Inflammation: Introduction

Inflammation is a fundamental, protective biological response of vascularized tissues to cellular injury, infection, or harmful stimuli. Its primary function is to eliminate the initial cause of injury, clear necrotic cells and damaged tissue, and initiate the necessary repair processes.Cardinal SignsAcute inflammation presents with classic signs. Redness results from vasodilation and increased blood flow. Heat is due to increased metabolism and circulation. Swelling results from the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 13, 2026

Engineering Tendon Assembloids to Probe Cellular Crosstalk in Disease and Repair
08:32

Engineering Tendon Assembloids to Probe Cellular Crosstalk in Disease and Repair

Published on: March 22, 2024

Tendons--time to revisit inflammation.

Jonathan D Rees1, Matthew Stride2, Alex Scott3

  • 1Department of Rheumatology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK.

British Journal of Sports Medicine
|March 12, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Chronic tendinopathy may involve inflammation, challenging the traditional view of it being purely degenerative. Exploring anti-inflammatory treatments could offer new therapeutic avenues for this condition.

Keywords:
Immune FunctionImmunologyTendons

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Sports Medicine
  • Inflammation Research

Background:

  • Current clinical consensus views chronic tendinopathy as a non-inflammatory degenerative process.
  • Existing treatments like physical therapy and injections yield suboptimal outcomes.
  • The scientific basis for tendinopathy being solely degenerative is not robust.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critically evaluate the evidence supporting the non-inflammatory degenerative model of chronic tendinopathy.
  • To investigate the role of inflammation in the pathophysiology of chronic tendinopathy.
  • To explore the potential of anti-inflammatory therapies for treating chronic tendinopathy.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and critical analysis of existing studies on tendinopathy.
  • Examination of evidence for inflammatory markers and pathways in chronic tendinopathy.
  • Assessment of the efficacy of current and potential novel treatment modalities.

Main Results:

  • The evidence for chronic tendinopathy as a purely degenerative condition is weak.
  • There is compelling evidence indicating that inflammation is a significant factor in chronic tendinopathy.
  • Current treatment strategies have shown limited success.

Conclusions:

  • The traditional view of chronic tendinopathy as non-inflammatory is questionable.
  • Inflammation appears to be a crucial component in the development and persistence of chronic tendinopathy.
  • Novel anti-inflammatory treatments warrant further investigation for managing chronic tendinopathy.