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UV–Vis Spectroscopy: Woodward–Fieser Rules01:29

UV–Vis Spectroscopy: Woodward–Fieser Rules

UV–Visible absorption spectra of conjugated dienes arise from the lowest energy π → π* transitions. The light-absorbing part of the molecule is called the chromophore, and the substituents directly attached to the chromophore are called auxochromes. A strong correlation exists between the absorption maxima, λmax, and the structure of a conjugated π system. The Woodward–Fieser rules predict the value of λmax for a given structure by adding the contributions...
Five-Membered Heterocyclic Aromatic Compounds: Overview01:13

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Heterocyclic aromatic compounds are cyclic compounds that are aromatic and have one or more heteroatoms—atoms other than carbon, in the ring. Depending upon the number of atoms present in the ring, they can be either five or six-membered. Examples of five-membered heterocyclic aromatic compounds include pyrrole, furan, thiophene, and imidazole. Pyrrole consists of one nitrogen atom having one lone pair of electrons. Furan and thiophene have one oxygen and one sulfur heteroatom, respectively.
Aromatic Hydrocarbon Cations: Structural Overview01:18

Aromatic Hydrocarbon Cations: Structural Overview

Cycloheptatriene is a neutral monocyclic unsaturated hydrocarbon that consists of an odd number of carbon atoms and an intervening sp3 carbon in the ring. The three double bonds in the ring correspond to 6 π electrons, which is a Huckel number, and therefore satisfies the criteria of 4n + 2 π electrons. However, the intervening sp3 carbon disrupts the continuous overlap of p orbitals. As a result, cycloheptatriene is not aromatic.
Removing one hydrogen from the intervening CH2 group with both...
Aromatic Hydrocarbon Anions: Structural Overview01:18

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Neutral hydrocarbons like cyclopentadiene with an odd number of carbon atoms and one intervening CH2 group in the ring are not aromatic. Cyclopentadiene with 4 π electrons does not satisfy the 4n + 2 π electron rule. Additionally, the intervening CH2 group is sp3 hybridized and lacks a vacant p orbital, thereby interrupting the overlap of p orbitals in a continuous manner and preventing the delocalization of π electrons throughout the ring.
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Nomenclature of Alkynes02:39

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Alkynes are unsaturated hydrocarbons characterized by the presence of carbon-carbon triple bonds and have a general formula CnH2n-2. The nomenclature of alkynes follows a set of rules similar to alkanes and alkenes; however, alkynes bear the suffix "-yne" instead of "-ane" or "-ene." There are two approaches to naming alkynes:
Aromatic Compounds: Overview01:25

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In general, the term ‘aromatic’ indicates a pleasant smell or fragrance from fresh flowers, freshly prepared coffee, etc. In the early history of organic chemistry, many benzene derivatives were isolated from the pleasant odor oils of the plants. For example, vanillin was isolated from the oil of vanilla, methyl salicylate from the oil of wintergreen, and cinnamaldehyde from the oil of cinnamon. They all had a pleasant odor; hence the name aromatic was given.
In 1825, Faraday isolated benzene...

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9-(4-Meth-oxy-phen-yl)anthracene.

V Silambarasan1, T Srinivasan, R Sivasakthikumaran

  • 1CAS in Crystallography and Biophysics, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai-25, India.

Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online
|March 12, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study details the crystal structure of a C21H16O compound, revealing a significant dihedral angle between its anthracene and benzene rings. The structure exhibits specific π-π and C-H⋯π interactions, forming a sheet-like arrangement in the crystal lattice.

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Area of Science:

  • Crystallography
  • Organic Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Understanding the three-dimensional arrangement of molecules in crystals is crucial for predicting material properties.
  • Anthracene and benzene derivatives are common motifs in organic electronics and materials science.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the detailed crystal structure of the title compound (C21H16O).
  • To analyze the molecular geometry, including dihedral angles and planarity.
  • To identify and characterize intermolecular interactions within the crystal lattice.

Main Methods:

  • Single-crystal X-ray diffraction was employed to determine the molecular structure.
  • Analysis of bond lengths, bond angles, and torsion angles provided geometric insights.
  • Identification of non-covalent interactions such as π-π stacking and C-H⋯π interactions.

Main Results:

  • The dihedral angle between the anthracene and benzene rings was determined to be 74.3(5)°.
  • The anthracene system was found to be nearly planar, with a root-mean-square deviation of 0.0257 Å.
  • The methoxy group was observed to be in the plane of the benzene ring (torsion angle 0.5(2)°).
  • π-π interactions with a centroid-centroid distance of 3.9487(12) Å and C-H⋯π interactions were identified.
  • These interactions contribute to the formation of a crystal sheet along the a-axis.

Conclusions:

  • The crystal structure of C21H16O is characterized by a significant twist between the aromatic systems.
  • Specific intermolecular interactions dictate the packing arrangement, leading to a layered structure.
  • This detailed structural information is vital for understanding the compound's potential applications in materials science.