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Assessing the Coherence of Parents' Short Narratives Regarding their Child Using the Five-Minute Speech Sample Procedure
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Published on: September 19, 2019

Characterizing the ruminative process in young adolescents.

Lori M Hilt1, Seth D Pollak

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI, USA. lori.m.hilt@lawrence.edu

Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology : the Official Journal for the Society of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, American Psychological Association, Division 53
|March 13, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Young adolescents experiencing negative thoughts after stress may ruminate, particularly if they have higher trait rumination. Attentional biases away from happy faces characterize persistent rumination in youth.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Clinical Psychology

Background:

  • Rumination, the passive dwelling on negative feelings, predicts numerous psychopathologies, especially depression.
  • Understanding the real-time dynamics of rumination in adolescents is crucial for early intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the ruminative process in real-time among young adolescents following an interpersonal stressor.
  • To identify factors that predict the onset and persistence of rumination in this age group.

Main Methods:

  • A community sample of 105 adolescents (ages 9-14) completed questionnaires on depressive symptoms and trait rumination.
  • An emotional faces dot-probe task assessed selective attention, followed by an interpersonal stressor and audio rumination induction.
  • Participant thoughts were sampled and coded in real-time to analyze the ruminative process.

Main Results:

  • Negative self-referential thought was a common response to the stressor, predicted by trait rumination.
  • 10.5% of participants persisted in rumination, characterized by higher depressive symptoms.
  • Persistent ruminators showed an attentional bias away from happy (vs. neutral) faces.

Conclusions:

  • Attentional processes, specifically biases in attention, may play a key role in characterizing persistent rumination in youth.
  • Findings have implications for developing targeted interventions for adolescent rumination and related psychopathology.
  • Real-time assessment of thought patterns and attentional biases offers valuable insights into the mechanisms of rumination.