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Bubble-induced dysfunction in acute spinal cord decompression sickness.

T J Francis1, J L Griffin, L D Homer

  • 1Diving Medicine Department, Naval Medical Research Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20814-5055.

Journal of Applied Physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)
|April 1, 1990
PubMed
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Spinal cord decompression sickness in dogs caused space-occupying lesions (SOL) that disrupted tissue architecture. These SOLs likely caused reduced nerve function by rendering spinal cord fibers nonconducting.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Diving Medicine
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Decompression sickness (DCS) is a risk of diving.
  • Spinal cord DCS can cause neurological deficits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the histological changes in the spinal cord following DCS.
  • To correlate these changes with functional deficits.

Main Methods:

  • Five dogs were exposed to a simulated dive (300 feet of seawater on air for 15 min).
  • Spinal cord function was assessed using somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs).
  • Histological examination and computerized morphometry were used to analyze spinal cord lesions.

Main Results:

  • All dogs developed spinal cord DCS, indicated by reduced SEP amplitude.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Histology revealed numerous space-occupying lesions (SOL) in the white matter, disrupting tissue.
  • Less than 0.5% of white matter volume was occupied by SOLs.

    • Conclusions:

    • Space-occupying lesions in the spinal cord are a key pathological finding in DCS.
    • These lesions likely impair nerve conduction by rendering displaced spinal cord fibers nonconducting.
    • Further research is needed to elucidate the precise mechanisms of nerve interference by SOLs.