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Related Concept Videos

Muscles of the Shoulder01:23

Muscles of the Shoulder

The muscles surrounding the shoulder girdle, including the clavicle and scapula, primarily stabilize the scapula. This stable base allows other muscles to move the humerus effectively. Scapular movements often mirror those of the humerus and extend its range of motion. For instance, raising the arm above the head would not be feasible without simultaneous upward rotation of the scapula.
Anterior Thoracic Muscles
The anterior thoracic muscles include the serratus anterior, subclavius, and...
Disorders of the Skeletal Muscle01:28

Disorders of the Skeletal Muscle

The clinical conditions affecting the skeletal muscle tissue are broadly categorized as musculoskeletal and neuromuscular disorders.
Musculoskeletal disorders
Musculoskeletal disorders involve injuries and conditions affecting the skeletal muscles and associated connective tissues. These disorders can arise from acute biomechanical stresses or chronic overuse and can occur across different age groups. Common injuries include sprains, fractures, and muscular strains, often resulting from...
Changes in the Appendicular Skeleton with Age01:09

Changes in the Appendicular Skeleton with Age

The upper and lower limb initially develops as a small bulge called a limb bud, which appears on the lateral side of the early embryo. The upper limb bud appears near the end of the fourth week of development, with the lower limb bud appearing shortly after.
Initially, the limb buds consist of a core of mesenchyme covered by a layer of ectoderm. The ectoderm at the end of the limb bud thickens to form a narrow crest called the apical ectodermal ridge. This ridge stimulates the underlying...
Muscles that Move the Arm01:31

Muscles that Move the Arm

Nine muscles are involved in arm movements. Two of these, the pectoralis major and latissimus dorsi, originate from the axial skeleton and are called axial muscles. The other seven originate from the scapula and are called the scapular muscles.
The pectoralis major has two origins. Its clavicular head originates on the medial half of the clavicle. In contrast, the sternocostal head originates on the costal cartilages of ribs 1-6, the sternum, and the aponeurosis of the external oblique of the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 13, 2026

A Multi-Modal Approach to Assessing Recovery in Youth Athletes Following Concussion
10:31

A Multi-Modal Approach to Assessing Recovery in Youth Athletes Following Concussion

Published on: September 25, 2014

Shoulder injuries in young athletes.

Megan M May1, Julie Y Bishop

  • 1Baylor College of Medicine, 6701 Fannin St., Ste. 660, Houston, TX 77077, USA. mxmay@texaschildrens.org

Pediatric Radiology
|March 13, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Young athletes face rising shoulder injury risks due to intense competition. Overuse and traumatic injuries like Little League shoulder are common, often requiring advanced imaging and sometimes surgery.

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Sports Medicine
  • Pediatric Sports Injuries

Background:

  • Young athletes experience increased shoulder injury susceptibility with rising competition levels.
  • Overuse injuries, including Little League shoulder and superior labral injuries, are prevalent in pediatric and adolescent throwers.
  • Shoulder instability from trauma in collision sports is another common presentation in young athletes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the common causes and management of shoulder injuries in pediatric and adolescent athletes.
  • To highlight the increasing role of surgical intervention for these young patients.
  • To emphasize the importance of advanced imaging in guiding treatment decisions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on pediatric and adolescent shoulder injuries.

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Measuring 3D In-vivo Shoulder Kinematics using Biplanar Videoradiography
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Measuring 3D In-vivo Shoulder Kinematics using Biplanar Videoradiography

Published on: March 12, 2021

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 13, 2026

A Multi-Modal Approach to Assessing Recovery in Youth Athletes Following Concussion
10:31

A Multi-Modal Approach to Assessing Recovery in Youth Athletes Following Concussion

Published on: September 25, 2014

Measuring 3D In-vivo Shoulder Kinematics using Biplanar Videoradiography
06:09

Measuring 3D In-vivo Shoulder Kinematics using Biplanar Videoradiography

Published on: March 12, 2021

  • Analysis of injury mechanisms including overuse and trauma.
  • Discussion of diagnostic and treatment modalities.

    • Main Results:

    • Repetitive throwing motions lead to overuse injuries like Little League shoulder.
    • Traumatic events in collision sports frequently cause shoulder instability.
    • Non-operative treatment is often initial, but surgical options are increasingly necessary.
    • Advanced cross-sectional imaging is crucial for accurate diagnosis and treatment planning.

    Conclusions:

    • Pediatric and adolescent athletes are at significant risk for shoulder injuries.
    • A comprehensive approach involving advanced imaging and consideration of surgical options is vital for managing these injuries.
    • Early and accurate diagnosis is key to effective treatment and return to sport.