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Pulsatile secretion of thyrotropin during fasting: a decrease of thyrotropin pulse amplitude.

J A Romijn1, R Adriaanse, G Brabant

  • 1Department of Intensive Care, Academisch Medisch Centrum, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
|June 1, 1990
PubMed
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Fasting reduces 24-hour thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) secretion and the nocturnal TSH surge by decreasing pulse amplitude, not frequency. This occurs without altering plasma thyroxine (T4) levels.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Research
  • Chronobiology

Background:

  • Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) exhibits circadian and pulsatile secretion patterns.
  • Fasting is known to influence thyroid hormone levels and metabolism.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of prolonged fasting on circadian and pulsatile TSH secretion in healthy individuals.
  • To analyze changes in TSH secretion dynamics and associated thyroid hormone levels during fasting.

Main Methods:

  • Eight healthy subjects underwent 24-hour blood sampling every 10 minutes under normal food intake and after a 60-hour fast.
  • Sensitive immunoradiometric assay was used to measure TSH, triiodothyronine (T3), reverse triiodothyronine (rT3), and thyroglobulin.
  • TSH pulse analysis was performed using Desade and Cluster programs to determine pulse amplitude and frequency.

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • Fasting decreased mean 24-hour TSH concentration, primarily due to a reduced TSH pulse amplitude, while pulse frequency remained unchanged.
  • A significant decrease in the nocturnal TSH surge was observed during fasting, correlated with diminished TSH pulse amplitude.
  • Fasting led to decreased plasma T3 and thyroglobulin, and increased rT3, but did not alter plasma T4, thyroid hormone binding index, or free T4.

Conclusions:

  • Prolonged fasting suppresses 24-hour TSH secretion and the nocturnal TSH surge by reducing TSH pulse amplitude.
  • The observed changes in TSH secretion during fasting occur independently of alterations in plasma T4 concentrations.
  • Fasting significantly impacts the pulsatile dynamics of TSH secretion, highlighting the interplay between metabolic status and the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis.