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Guided cobalamin biosynthesis supports Dehalococcoides mccartyi reductive dechlorination activity.

Jun Yan1, Jeongdae Im, Yi Yang

  • 1Department of Microbiology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences
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Dehalococcoides mccartyi requires vitamin B12 for energy conservation and dechlorination. Supplementing with 5

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Microbiology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Dehalococcoides mccartyi are crucial for reductive dechlorination of chlorinated ethenes.
  • These bacteria are vitamin B12-auxotrophic, relying on corrinoids for energy conservation.
  • Limited vitamin B12 availability results in incomplete dechlorination and accumulation of toxic vinyl chloride.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if common microbial partners can supply Dehalococcoides with essential corrinoids.
  • To explore the impact of different corrinoid supplements on Dehalococcoides growth and dechlorination activity.
  • To assess the potential for guided cobalamin biosynthesis to support Dehalococcoides in situ.

Main Methods:

  • Axenic and co-culture experiments involving Dehalococcoides mccartyi strains (BAV1, GT, FL2) with methanogens (Methanosarcina barkeri) and acetogens (Sporomusa ovata, Sporomusa sp. KB-1).
  • Quantification of extracellular cobamides produced by partner microbes.
  • Assessing Dehalococcoides dechlorination rates, growth yields, and activity in response to varying CN-Cbl concentrations and supplemented corrinoids/DMB.

Main Results:

  • Limited CN-Cbl led to incomplete dechlorination and vinyl chloride accumulation.
  • Higher CN-Cbl concentrations significantly enhanced dechlorination rates and growth yields.
  • Cobamides produced by M. barkeri and Sporomusa sp. did not support Dehalococcoides activity.
  • Supplementation with 5',6'-dimethylbenzimidazole (DMB) enabled cobalamin biosynthesis and supported Dehalococcoides growth and dechlorination.

Conclusions:

  • Known microbial partners do not naturally supply the necessary corrinoids for Dehalococcoides.
  • Cobalamin is the preferred corrinoid cofactor for Dehalococcoides strains studied.
  • Guided cobalamin biosynthesis using DMB can sustain Dehalococcoides activity, offering a strategy for contaminated environments.