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Related Concept Videos

Cognitive Dissonance01:38

Cognitive Dissonance

Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...
Models of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention II01:18

Models of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention II

The person's health status fluctuates continually, varying from being in good health to becoming ill and returning to being healthy. To understand the concept of illness prevention, there are two models. First, the health-illness continuum model is a graphic representation of an individual's wellness. It states that a person is considered healthy in the absence of physical disease and the presence of good emotional health.
The agent-host-environment model states that disease results from...
Models of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention I01:25

Models of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention I

A model is a theoretical way to understand a concept or an idea. Models can overcome barriers to health regardless of diverse economic and cultural backgrounds. In addition, models make the task easier by providing different ways to approach complex issues. There are two major health promotion models: the health belief model and the health promotion model.
The health belief model (HBM) attempts to predict health-related behavior in specific belief patterns. According to the HBM, a person's...
Community Based Intervention01:30

Community Based Intervention

Community-based interventions in mental health represent a paradigm shift from institution-centered care to treatments embedded within the fabric of local communities. By prioritizing inclusion and leveraging existing societal structures, this approach fosters a supportive environment conducive to addressing mental health challenges while promoting individual dignity and agency.
Foundations of Community Mental Health Programs
Central to the success of community-based interventions is the...
Levels of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention01:26

Levels of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention

Health promotion allows a person to control the determinants of health, resulting in an improved health status. It enhances the quality of life and reduces premature deaths. Health promotion and illness prevention programs help people make beneficial choices to reduce the risk of disease and disabilities. There are three health promotion and illness prevention levels: primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention.
In primary prevention, actions taken before disease onset prevent the disease from...
Stress Prevention and Stress Management Techniques VI01:30

Stress Prevention and Stress Management Techniques VI

Adopting a healthier lifestyle often requires overcoming significant challenges, but leveraging psychological, social, and cultural resources can facilitate meaningful change. Effective self-change hinges on understanding and applying key tools such as motivation and goal setting, which help sustain efforts toward long-term health benefits.
Motivation and Self-Determination
Motivation, the driving force behind behavior, plays a pivotal role at every stage of the change process. The research...

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Related Experiment Videos

Dissonance-based interventions for health behaviour change: a systematic review.

Tanya Freijy1, Emily J Kothe

  • 1School of Psychology, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

British Journal of Health Psychology
|March 14, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Dissonance-based interventions show promise for changing health behaviors like smoking and sun protection. The hypocrisy paradigm was most effective, though researchers should minimize bias in future studies.

Related Experiment Videos

Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Health Behavior Science
  • Intervention Studies

Background:

  • Cognitive dissonance induction shows potential for modifying health behaviors.
  • Previous research focused on eating disorder prevention, but generalizability to other health behaviors is unclear.
  • The hypocrisy paradigm shows promise for non-clinical health behavior change.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review the effectiveness and methodological quality of dissonance-based health behavior interventions.
  • To explore factors contributing to variations in intervention effects.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search of bibliographic databases up to March 2012.
  • Inclusion of studies targeting non-clinical health behaviors in non-clinical populations.
  • Data extraction and quality assessment by one author, verified by a second author.

Main Results:

  • Twenty studies were included, addressing diverse health behaviors and outcomes.
  • Most studies reported significant effects on behavior, attitude, or intention.
  • High risk of bias, particularly selection bias, was noted in many studies; gender and self-esteem emerged as potential moderators.

Conclusions:

  • Dissonance-based interventions demonstrate generally positive effectiveness for health behavior change.
  • The hypocrisy paradigm was the most common and effective approach.
  • Future research should prioritize minimizing bias and investigating moderators of the dissonance effect.