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Updated: May 13, 2026

Heterogeneity Mapping of Protein Expression in Tumors using Quantitative Immunofluorescence
Published on: October 25, 2011
Imaging mass spectrometry-based molecular histology differentiates microscopically identical and heterogeneous tumors
Emrys A Jones1, Nicole Schmitz, Cathelijn J F Waaijer
1Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry Unit, Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center , Leiden, The Netherlands.
Abstract:
Many tumors display significant cellular heterogeneity as well as molecular heterogeneity. Sensitive biomarkers that differentiate between diagnostically challenging tumors must contend with this heterogeneity. Mass spectrometry-based molecular histology of a patient series of heterogeneous, microscopically identical bone tumors highlighted the tumor cell types that could be characterized by a single profile and led to the identification of specific peptides that differentiate between the tumors.
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