Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
Blood and Nerve Supply to the Bones01:29

Blood and Nerve Supply to the Bones

Bones are dynamic organs that require a rich supply of oxygen and nutrients. Around 5% to 10% of the cardiac output supplies blood to the bones. A typical long bone has three main sources: the nutrient artery, the metaphyseal and epiphyseal arteries, and the periosteal arteries.
Nutrient Artery
The nutrient artery is the main blood vessel that enters the diaphysis via the nutrient foramen. While most long bones have only one nutrient foramen, large bones, such as the femur, may have two. This...
Introduction to Joints00:58

Introduction to Joints

The adult human body usually has 206 bones, and except for the hyoid bone in the neck, each bone is connected to at least one other bone. Joints are the location where bones come together. Many joints allow for movement between the bones. At these joints, the articulating surfaces of the adjacent bones can move smoothly against each other. However, the bones of other joints may be joined by connective tissue or cartilage. These joints are designed for stability and provide little or no movement.
Bone Markings01:26

Bone Markings

Bones have various surface features that help form joints and attach to other soft tissues. Depending on the function, bone markings are categorized into articulating projections, processes for attachment, depressions, and openings.
Articulating Projections
Articulating projections are found where two bones meet to form a joint. These structures are usually found at the ends of bones. The largest articulation is a rounded projection called the head, supported by a narrow neck at the ends of...
Staphylococcal Skin Infections01:29

Staphylococcal Skin Infections

Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram-positive coccus that resides harmlessly on the skin and mucous membranes of healthy individuals. When the skin barrier is breached, it can shift from a commensal to an opportunistic pathogen. This transition is facilitated by surface adhesins, such as clumping factor B and S. aureus surface protein G (SasG), which bind to structural proteins, including loricrin and cytokeratin, in the damaged epidermis. Protein A, another key factor, binds the Fc region of...
Fractures: Bone Repair01:27

Fractures: Bone Repair

Treatment for a fracture is based on the type of break, the bone affected, and the patient's age.
Minor fractures with no bone displacement are treated by immobilizing the fractured bone using a cast or splint. However, in the case of fractures with displaced bones, the broken bones are repositioned before immobilization to ensure successful healing without deformation and loss of function. The realignment of fractured bone ends is performed through a process called reduction. If the procedure...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Early mortality risk stratification in childhood bacterial meningitis using cerebrospinal fluid glucose and protein levels and their combinations: A multicontinental cohort study.

PloS one·2026
Same author

The History of Measles and Vaccine Development.

Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)·2025
Same author

Complications of first rib resection for thoracic outlet syndrome - A national registry study from Finland.

Hand surgery & rehabilitation·2025
Same author

Antibiotic prophylaxis in surgery for closed fracture of the hand.

Hand surgery & rehabilitation·2024
Same author

Seizures, focal neurological signs, and pneumococcal aetiology associate with impaired consciousness in childhood bacterial meningitis.

Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)·2024
Same author

Clinical Picture and Risk Factors for Poor Outcome in Streptococcus pneumoniae Meningitis of Childhood on Three Continents.

The Pediatric infectious disease journal·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 13, 2026

Treatment with Vancomycin Loaded Calcium Sulphate and Autogenous Bone in an Improved Rabbit Model of Bone Infection
09:09

Treatment with Vancomycin Loaded Calcium Sulphate and Autogenous Bone in an Improved Rabbit Model of Bone Infection

Published on: March 14, 2019

Bone and joint infections.

Markus Pääkkönen1, Heikki Peltola

  • 1Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, Turku 20521, Finland. Markus.Paakkonen@helsinki.fi

Pediatric Clinics of North America
|March 14, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Pediatric osteoarticular infections, often caused by Staphylococcus aureus, present as osteomyelitis or septic arthritis. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent complications in children with bone and joint infections.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric infectious diseases
  • Musculoskeletal infections

Background:

  • Acute osteoarticular infections in children are typically hematogenous in origin.
  • These infections commonly manifest as osteomyelitis or septic arthritis.
  • Staphylococcus aureus is the most frequent causative pathogen.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the clinical presentation and management principles of acute pediatric osteoarticular infections.
  • To highlight the importance of early diagnosis and prompt treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical presentations of pediatric osteomyelitis and septic arthritis.
  • Discussion of common etiologies and diagnostic timelines.
  • Emphasis on clinical signs and symptoms.

More Related Videos

Combined In vivo Optical and µCT Imaging to Monitor Infection, Inflammation, and Bone Anatomy in an Orthopaedic Implant Infection in Mice
18:40

Combined In vivo Optical and µCT Imaging to Monitor Infection, Inflammation, and Bone Anatomy in an Orthopaedic Implant Infection in Mice

Published on: October 16, 2014

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 13, 2026

Treatment with Vancomycin Loaded Calcium Sulphate and Autogenous Bone in an Improved Rabbit Model of Bone Infection
09:09

Treatment with Vancomycin Loaded Calcium Sulphate and Autogenous Bone in an Improved Rabbit Model of Bone Infection

Published on: March 14, 2019

Combined In vivo Optical and µCT Imaging to Monitor Infection, Inflammation, and Bone Anatomy in an Orthopaedic Implant Infection in Mice
18:40

Combined In vivo Optical and µCT Imaging to Monitor Infection, Inflammation, and Bone Anatomy in an Orthopaedic Implant Infection in Mice

Published on: October 16, 2014

Main Results:

  • Children seek medical advice typically 2-6 days after symptom onset.
  • Osteomyelitis often presents as limping with or without tenderness.
  • Septic arthritis is characterized by visible joint redness, tenderness, and swelling.

Conclusions:

  • Prompt diagnosis and treatment are essential for favorable outcomes in acute bacterial bone and joint infections in children.
  • Timely intervention can prevent serious complications.