Compact micro-displacement sensor with high sensitivity based on a long-period fiber grating with an air-cavity

We proposed and experimentally demonstrated a compact micro-displacement sensor with high sensitivity based on a long-period fiber grating (LPG) with an air-cavity. The sensor head is obtained by composing an air-cavity with the ends of a LPG and a single mode fiber (SMF). The wavelength shift of the LPG has a linear relationship with the length of the air gap which agrees well with the theoretical analysis. The experimental results show that the sensitivity is ~0.22 nm/µm within the micro-displacement range of 0 to 140 µm.