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Related Concept Videos

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:26

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the common plasma source used in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), a technique that detects and analyzes various elements in a sample. This method is often called inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES).
There are three main types of inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy  (ICP-AES) instruments: sequential, simultaneous multichannel, and Fourier transform instruments, with the latter being less commonly used.
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There are two main infrared (IR) spectrophotometers: dispersive IR spectrometers and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers. In a dispersive IR spectrometer, a beam of infrared radiation produced by a hot wire is divided into two parallel equal-intensity beams using mirrors. One beam passes through the sample, while another is a reference beam. The beams then move through the monochromator, which separates the radiations into a continuous spectrum of different frequencies. The...
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Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

The instrumentation of atomic emission spectrometry (AES) involves various components, including atomization devices that convert samples into gas-phase atoms and ions. There are two main types of atomization devices: continuous and discrete atomizers.  Continuous atomizers, like plasmas and flames, introduce samples in a constant stream, while discrete atomizers inject individual samples using syringes or autosamplers. The most common discrete atomizer is the electrothermal atomizer.

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Updated: May 13, 2026

Live Cell Imaging of F-actin Dynamics via Fluorescent Speckle Microscopy (FSM)
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Published on: August 5, 2009

All-fiber spectrometer based on speckle pattern reconstruction.

Brandon Redding1, Sebastien M Popoff, Hui Cao

  • 1Department of Applied Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA.

Optics Express
|March 14, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A multimode optical fiber acts as a versatile spectrometer by analyzing wavelength-dependent speckle patterns. This compact, low-cost device achieves high spectral resolution for diverse applications, from narrow laser lines to broadband supercontinuum sources.

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Area of Science:

  • Photonics
  • Optical Engineering
  • Spectroscopy

Background:

  • Standard optical fibers typically transmit light without spectral analysis.
  • Speckle patterns in multimode fibers arise from interference of guided modes.
  • Characterizing these speckle patterns can potentially encode spectral information.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a general-purpose spectrometer using a standard multimode optical fiber.
  • To calibrate and utilize wavelength-dependent speckle patterns for spectral reconstruction.
  • To assess the performance and limitations of such a fiber-based spectrometer.

Main Methods:

  • Calibrating wavelength-dependent speckle patterns using a transmission matrix.
  • Developing a robust algorithm for spectrum reconstruction from speckle data, accounting for noise.
  • Investigating the impact of fiber length and geometry on spectral resolution and bandwidth.
  • Employing orthogonal polarization imaging to enhance reconstruction accuracy and bandwidth.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated high spectral resolution (8 pm) with a 20-meter fiber for laser lines.
  • Showcased broadband spectral measurement (supercontinuum source) with a 2-centimeter fiber.
  • Identified fiber geometry and speckle contrast reduction as key factors affecting performance.
  • Validated a polarization-based method to improve spectrum reconstruction.

Conclusions:

  • A multimode fiber can function as a compact, low-cost, high-resolution spectrometer.
  • The device offers versatility for both narrow-linewidth and broadband spectral analysis.
  • The developed calibration and reconstruction methods enable robust spectral measurements.
  • Orthogonal polarization imaging offers a pathway to overcome bandwidth limitations.