New narcissism scales for the California Psychological Inventory and MMPI

New Narcissism scales for the California Psychological Inventory (CPI) and the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) were developed on the basis of DSM-III criteria and the writings of Akhtar and Thomson (1982), Kernberg (1975) and Kohut (1971, 1977). Self-report protocols from 152 adults and 198 college students were utilized. Rationally selected preliminary items were retained or discarded according to their alignment with the total score on these items. The resulting 49-item CPI and 39-item MMPI scales correlated .81 with each other, and significantly so at p less than .01 with ratings of narcissism, the Raskin-Hall Narcissistic Personality Inventory (NPI) and the MMPI Narcissism scale of Morey, Waugh, and Blashfield. Personological implications of the two new scales were examined in relation to other measures and to observers' adjectival and Q-sort descriptions. Intrascale factor analyses identified five common themes: Cathexis of Power, Risk-Seeking Propensity, Need for Attention, Disesteem for Others, and Impatient Willfulness.