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Antibiotic Selection

Antibiotic Selection

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring: Affecting Factors

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring: Affecting Factors

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM) is the clinical practice of measuring specific drug levels in a patient's blood or body tissues to manage and optimize therapy. TDM is crucial for drugs with narrow therapeutic windows, like warfarin and phenytoin, where incorrect doses can lead to treatment failure or severe side effects. This monitoring ensures the dosage administered is within a safe and effective range. The factors affecting therapeutic drug monitoring include:Patient-Specific Factors:a.

Clinical Significance of Antibiotic Resistance

Clinical Significance of Antibiotic Resistance

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) presents a critical public health threat, arising from its capacity to resist β-lactam antibiotics due to acquisition of the mecA gene within the staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec). This gene encodes penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a), which impairs binding efficacy of methicillin and other β-lactams. MRSA has evolved into distinct clonal lineages impacting humans and animals alike, reinforcing its significance within the One...

Inhibitors of Bacterial Protein Synthesis

Inhibitors of Bacterial Protein Synthesis

Aminoglycosides constitute a highly potent class of bactericidal antibiotics that exert their antimicrobial effects by targeting the bacterial ribosome, specifically disrupting protein synthesis. These polycationic molecules consist of amino-modified sugars linked via glycosidic bonds to an aminocyclitol core such as 2-deoxystreptamine or streptamine. Their strong positive charges facilitate tight binding to the negatively charged phosphate backbone of ribosomal RNA (rRNA), primarily at the 16S...

Development of Antibiotic Resistance

Development of Antibiotic Resistance

Antibiotic resistance is a major public health concern that arises when bacteria evolve mechanisms to withstand the effects of antibiotic treatments. This resistance can be intrinsic, acquired through genetic mutations, or transferred between bacteria via horizontal gene transfer. The development of antibiotic resistance poses significant challenges in treating bacterial infections and necessitates ongoing research to develop new therapeutic strategies.Intrinsic resistance occurs when bacterial...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 13, 2026

Applying an Inducible Expression System to Study Interference of Bacterial Virulence Factors with Intracellular Signaling

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Published on: June 25, 2015

Tigecycline: a case study.

Evan Loh¹, Evelyn Ellis-Grosse, Peter J Petersen

¹Vice President, Multiple Therapy Areas, Wyeth Research, 500 Arcola Road, Collegeville, PA 19426, USA. LOHE@wyeth.com.

Expert Opinion on Drug Discovery

|March 15, 2013

Summary

The development of new antibiotics like tigecycline is crucial to combat rising bacterial resistance. Glycylcyclines, derived from tetracyclines, effectively overcome major resistance mechanisms, restoring antibacterial activity.

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Immunometabolic Circuits in Infection for Advancing Host Directed Therapies

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Last Updated: May 13, 2026

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Immunometabolic Circuits in Infection for Advancing Host Directed Therapies

Immunometabolic Circuits in Infection for Advancing Host Directed Therapies

Published on: September 13, 2024

Area of Science:

Microbiology
Pharmacology
Infectious Diseases

Background:

Rising pathogenic bacterial resistance to current antibiotics poses a significant global health threat.
Limited success in developing novel antibacterial agents necessitates exploring alternative strategies.
Tetracyclines, known protein synthesis inhibitors, have seen recent advancements in understanding their mechanisms of action and resistance.

Purpose of the Study:

To discuss the discovery and development of glycylcyclines, a new class of antibacterials.
To highlight the introduction of tigecycline into clinical practice.
To explain how glycylcyclines overcome key tetracycline resistance mechanisms.

Main Methods:

Review of the discovery and development process of glycylcyclines.
Analysis of tigecycline's mechanism of action against resistant bacteria.
Evaluation of glycylcyclines' efficacy in overcoming efflux and ribosome protection mechanisms.

Main Results:

Successful development of glycylcyclines, a novel class of tetracycline-derived antibacterials.
Introduction of tigecycline, demonstrating restored antibacterial activity against resistant strains.
Glycylcyclines effectively overcome major tetracycline resistance mechanisms: efflux and ribosome protection.

Conclusions:

Glycylcyclines, exemplified by tigecycline, represent a significant advancement in combating antibiotic resistance.
The restored antibacterial potency of glycylcyclines promises high clinical utility against resistant pathogens.
Continued research into novel antibiotic classes is essential to address the evolving challenge of antimicrobial resistance.