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Related Concept Videos

Muscles that Move the Forearm01:16

Muscles that Move the Forearm

The muscles that move the forearms can be divided into four groups: forearm flexors, forearm extensors, forearm pronators, and forearm supinators. The flexors and extensors act on the elbow joint, while the pronators and supinators act on the radioulnar joints.
Forearm Flexors
The biceps brachii, brachialis, and brachioradialis are forearm flexors. The biceps brachii is made up of two heads. Its long head originates at the supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula, whereas that of the short head is...
Bones of the Upper Limb: Radius01:09

Bones of the Upper Limb: Radius

The radius is longer of the two bones that make up the human antebrachium or forearm. At the proximal end, the radius articulates with the capitulum of the humerus and the radial notch of the ulna to form the elbow joint. At the distal end, the radius articulates with the ulna via the ulnar notch, forming the distal radioulnar joint. Distally, the radius also attaches to the carpal wrist bones (scaphoid and lunate) to form the radiocarpal joint.
The radius has a nail-shaped head, and a short...
Bones of the Upper Limb: Ulna01:15

Bones of the Upper Limb: Ulna

The ulna and radius are parallel bones of the antebrachium or the forearm. The ulna lies medially and consists of a bony tip called the olecranon process at its proximal end. This hook-like projection articulates with the olecranon fossa of the humerus and forms the "hinged" ulnohumeral part of the elbow joint. This joint facilitates forearm extension and flexion while preventing its hyperextension. Similarly, the coronoid process, another bony projection on the proximal/anterior side of the...
Arteries of the Upper Limbs01:12

Arteries of the Upper Limbs

The subclavian artery transitions into the axillary artery as it exits the chest and enters the axillary region. This artery is critical for supplying blood to the shoulder area, including the head of the humerus, through the humeral circumflex arteries. As the vessel continues into the upper arm or brachium, it becomes the brachial artery. This artery plays a key role in vascularizing the brachial region and bifurcates at the elbow into several branches. These branches include the deep...
Bones of the Upper Limb: Humerus01:19

Bones of the Upper Limb: Humerus

The upper limb consists of the arm, forearm, wrist, and hand bones. The humerus is the single bone of the upper arm region. Proximally, it has a large, spherical, smooth head that articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula to form the glenohumeral or shoulder joint. The margin of the head is the anatomical neck, a residual epiphyseal plate. Laterally it extends to form bony projections called the greater tubercle and the lesser tubercle. Next to the tubercles is the surgical neck, a...
Muscles of the Forearm that Move the Hand and Fingers01:16

Muscles of the Forearm that Move the Hand and Fingers

The muscles of the forearm that move the wrist, hand, and digits are numerous and diverse. They can be classified into two groups based on their location and function — the anterior and posterior compartment muscles.
Anterior Compartment
The anterior compartment muscles originate from the humerus. They primarily function as flexors and are also known as flexor muscles. They typically insert on the carpals, metacarpals, and phalanges. The superficial layer includes the flexor carpi radialis,...

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Vascularized Composite Hand Allograft Procurement and Preparation for Distal and Proximal Forearm Allotransplantation: A Stepwise Approach
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Distal biceps brachii.

Monica Kalume Brigido1, Michel De Maeseneer, Yoav Morag

  • 1Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0326, USA. mbrigido@umich.edu

Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology
|March 15, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Many people have two distinct distal biceps tendons, a common anatomical variant. Understanding this anatomy is crucial for accurate diagnosis and management of distal biceps tendon injuries.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Anatomy
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Recent literature highlights renewed interest in distal biceps tendon anatomy.
  • Cadaveric studies reveal a high prevalence of dual muscle bellies and separate distal tendons.
  • Awareness of this anatomical variant is essential to prevent diagnostic errors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the normal anatomy of the distal biceps brachii.
  • To describe ultrasound techniques for optimal visualization of the distal tendon.
  • To discuss common pathologies affecting the distal biceps brachii.

Main Methods:

  • Review of anatomical literature and cadaveric studies.
  • Description of ultrasonography techniques for distal biceps tendon evaluation.
  • Discussion of common distal biceps brachii pathologies.

Main Results:

  • A significant percentage of individuals possess two distinct muscle bellies (short and long heads) of the biceps brachii.
  • These muscle bellies often have separate tendons inserting at the radial tuberosity.
  • Ultrasonography is a valuable tool for assessing distal biceps muscle and tendon disorders.

Conclusions:

  • The dual tendon anatomy of the distal biceps brachii is a common variant that requires consideration.
  • Proper ultrasound technique is vital for accurate diagnosis of distal biceps tendon injuries.
  • Knowledge of anatomy and imaging is key for effective patient management.