Molecular diagnostics of non-Hodgkin lymphoma

Non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs) represent a diverse group of hematopoietic neoplasms. Morphology and immunophenotypic characterization are the cornerstone of the diagnosis and classification of NHLs; however, cytogenetic and molecular studies are being increasingly used to provide further information about classification and prognosis. In addition, these molecular techniques are being used for the detection of minimal residual or recurrent disease after the patient has undergone treatment. This review will discuss the major genetic changes associated with NHLs and describe the methods currently used in the clinical laboratory for cytogenetic and molecular detection of these abnormalities.