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Related Concept Videos

Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:22

Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

Aortic valve regurgitation (AR) occurs when the aortic valve fails to close properly, allowing blood to flow backward from the aorta into the left ventricle. This backflow can result in two distinct clinical presentations: acute and chronic AR, each characterized by its own set of symptoms and physical findings.Acute Aortic RegurgitationAcute AR presents with a sudden onset of severe symptoms. Patients typically experience profound dyspnea (shortness of breath), chest pain, and signs of left...
Aneurysm II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:21

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Thoracic, aortic arch and abdominal aneurysms are significant vascular conditions that can present with various clinical manifestations and lead to serious complications. Understanding these manifestations and the appropriate diagnostic studies is essential for effective management and treatment.Thoracic Aortic AneurysmsThoracic aortic aneurysms often remain asymptomatic until they reach a size that impinges on adjacent structures. They typically cause deep, diffuse chest pain that radiates to...
Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System III: X-Ray01:20

Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System III: X-Ray

The most common cardiovascular diagnostic test is an X-ray. It produces images of the heart, blood vessels, and adjacent structures.
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An X-ray, or radiograph, is a non-invasive method that uses ionizing radiation to take images of internal structures. It is mainly used in cardiac imaging to examine the heart, lungs, and major blood vessels, aiming to identify abnormalities in the heart's size, shape, and position, such as heart failure, congenital defects, and vascular...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 13, 2026

Four-Dimensional Computed Tomography-Guided Valve Sizing for Transcatheter Pulmonary Valve Replacement
09:57

Four-Dimensional Computed Tomography-Guided Valve Sizing for Transcatheter Pulmonary Valve Replacement

Published on: January 20, 2022

Standardized imaging for aortic annular sizing: implications for transcatheter valve selection.

Albert M Kasel1, Salvatore Cassese, Sabine Bleiziffer

  • 1Clinic for Cardiology and Cardiovascular Diseases, Deutsches Herzzentrum, Technische Universität, Munich, Germany. markus.kasel@googlemail.com

JACC. Cardiovascular Imaging
|March 16, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Accurate imaging is crucial for transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) safety and efficacy. This review details imaging techniques for optimal patient selection and guidance, recommending best practices for prosthesis selection.

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Last Updated: May 13, 2026

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Technique and Patient Selection Criteria of Right Anterior Mini-Thoracotomy for Minimal Access Aortic Valve Replacement

Published on: March 26, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Medical Imaging
  • Interventional Cardiology

Background:

  • Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is a critical procedure for aortic stenosis.
  • Procedure safety and efficacy depend heavily on precise pre-procedural imaging.
  • Evolving imaging modalities aim to improve patient selection and procedural guidance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current noninvasive and invasive imaging techniques for TAVR.
  • To evaluate the strengths and limitations of echocardiography, CT, and balloon valvuloplasty for aortic annulus sizing.
  • To provide recommendations for prosthesis selection based on anatomical assessment.

Main Methods:

  • Review of published evidence on imaging modalities for TAVR.
  • Analysis of echocardiographic, computed tomographic (CT), and calibrated aortic balloon valvuloplasty techniques.
  • Discussion of 3D tomographic reconstructions for complex aortic root anatomy.

Main Results:

  • Echocardiography, CT, and balloon valvuloplasty have distinct advantages and disadvantages for annulus sizing.
  • 3D CT reconstructions can reduce variability in sizing complex aortic root anatomy.
  • Integrated use of imaging data enhances anatomical suitability assessment.

Conclusions:

  • Optimal imaging is paramount for successful TAVR outcomes.
  • A multimodal imaging approach, including echocardiography and CT, improves TAVR planning.
  • Strategic data integration guides safe and effective TAVR prosthesis selection.