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Related Concept Videos

Autism Spectrum Disorder01:19

Autism Spectrum Disorder

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
Language and Cognition01:27

Language and Cognition

Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language01:10

Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language

Language is a system of communication that allows the expression of thoughts, ideas, and feelings. The brain processes language in both hemispheres.
Language formation and comprehension take place in the dominant hemisphere. The dominant hemisphere is responsible for understanding the meaning of spoken, written, or sign language, as well as the ability to communicate. For most people, the left hemisphere is the dominant one. The right hemisphere, then, gives tone and emotional context to the...
Language Development01:22

Language Development

Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
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Lateralization01:28

Lateralization

Brain lateralization refers to the division of mental processes and functions between the two hemispheres of the brain, a phenomenon that optimizes neural efficiency and underpins complex abilities in humans. This specialization allows each hemisphere to perform tasks where it has a comparative advantage, facilitating more refined cognitive capabilities across different domains.
Modeling in Therapy01:26

Modeling in Therapy

Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in situations...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 13, 2026

Using the Visual World Paradigm to Study Sentence Comprehension in Mandarin-Speaking Children with Autism
06:15

Using the Visual World Paradigm to Study Sentence Comprehension in Mandarin-Speaking Children with Autism

Published on: October 3, 2018

Brain function differences in language processing in children and adults with autism.

Diane L Williams1, Vladimir L Cherkassky, Robert A Mason

  • 1Department of Speech Language Pathology, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. diane72@andrew.cmu.edu

Autism Research : Official Journal of the International Society for Autism Research
|March 16, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Children and adults with autism show differences in brain connectivity during language processing compared to neurotypical individuals. These differences suggest maturational and educational impacts on neural function in autism.

Keywords:
developmentfMRIfunctional connectivitylanguage processing

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Probing the Brain in Autism Using fMRI and Diffusion Tensor Imaging

Published on: September 12, 2011

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Clinical Psychology

Background:

  • Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) impacts social communication and language processing.
  • Understanding maturational differences in brain function is crucial for comprehending ASD's effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare brain function during language processing in children and adults with and without autism.
  • To investigate the effects of autism and maturation on language processing networks.

Main Methods:

  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was employed to assess brain activation and cortical synchronization.
  • Participants included children and adults with autism and age-matched neurotypical controls.
  • fMRI data were analyzed during the processing of literal and ironic texts.

Main Results:

  • Autism groups exhibited lower functional connectivity in the left hemisphere language network during irony processing.
  • Neither autism group showed increased functional connectivity with higher task demands.
  • Differences in activation patterns and network coordination were observed between autism and control groups, and between autism age groups.

Conclusions:

  • Individuals with autism display distinct patterns of brain network coordination and activation during language processing compared to neurotypical individuals.
  • Maturation and educational experiences may influence neural function related to language processing in autism.
  • Adults with autism showed some brain activation patterns more similar to controls than children with autism.