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High-density lipoprotein: what is the best way to measure its antiatherogenic potential?
Alan T Remaley1, G Russell Warnick
1National Institute of Health, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Lipoprotein Metabolism Section, Pulmonary and Vascular Medicine Branch, Building 10, Room 2C-433, 10 Center Dr, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA +1 301 402 9796 ; +1 301 402 1885 ; aremaley@nih.gov.
Insights
New methods for measuring high-density lipoproteins (HDL) may better predict coronary heart disease (CHD) risk than the standard HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) test. Research explores HDL composition and function for improved risk assessment.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Science
- Lipid Metabolism
- Clinical Chemistry
Background:
- High-density lipoproteins (HDL) are a heterogeneous lipoprotein class.
- HDL is a recognized negative risk factor for coronary heart disease (CHD) due to its antiatherogenic properties.
- Current clinical measurement of HDL relies primarily on its cholesterol content (HDL-C).
Purpose of the Study:
- To review emerging methodologies for assessing HDL.
- To evaluate newer HDL measurement techniques potentially superior to HDL-C for CHD risk prediction.
Main Methods:
- A comprehensive review of recent scientific literature on HDL measurement.
- Analysis of experimental and epidemiologic studies.
Main Results:
- Existing evidence suggests that assessing HDL beyond cholesterol content can enhance CHD risk prediction.
- Traditional and contemporary HDL measurement techniques are discussed.
Conclusions:
- Newer methods, including HDL subfractionation and functional assays, show promise.
- These advanced HDL assessments may offer improved prediction of coronary heart disease risk.
Background:
High-density lipoproteins (HDL) form a heterogeneous class of lipoproteins. HDL is routinely measured in clinical laboratories as a negative risk factor for coronary heart disease (CHD) because of its potent antiatherogenic properties. The main parameter used at present to measure HDL is its cholesterol content (HDL-C).
Objective:
To describe new methods for measuring HDL that may be superior to HDL-C in predicting CHD risk.
Methods:
Recent publications on the measurement of HDL were reviewed.
Results/Conclusion:
Recent experimental and epidemiologic studies indicate that the CHD predictive ability of HDL can potentially be improved by the measurement of the other contents or properties of HDL besides HDL-C. In this review, the traditional and current tests to measure HDL are discussed. New methods for the subfractionation of HDL and new compositional and functional tests for HDL that show promise in improving CHD risk prediction are also be discussed.
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