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Related Concept Videos

Atherosclerosis III: Management01:26

Atherosclerosis III: Management

Management of atherosclerosis involves an integrated strategy encompassing pharmacological treatment, surgical interventions, lifestyle changes, and nutrition therapy to address the multifactorial nature of the disease.Pharmacological TherapyA cornerstone of atherosclerosis management is the use of pharmacological agents. Statins, such as atorvastatin, are pivotal in inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, an enzyme that catalyzes an initial step in cholesterol synthesis in the liver. This reduction in...
Atherosclerosis I: Introduction01:30

Atherosclerosis I: Introduction

Atherosclerosis is a progressive disorder characterized by the buildup of plaques on the arterial inner wall, causing them to narrow and harden over time. These plaques comprise lipids, calcium, blood components, carbohydrates, and fibrous tissue. The process primarily affects the intima of large and medium-sized arteries, reducing blood flow in any artery.Etiology and risk factorsThe cause of atherosclerosis is multifactorial, involving a complex interplay among endothelial injury, lipid...
Atherosclerosis IV: Nursing Management01:23

Atherosclerosis IV: Nursing Management

Nursing management for a patient with arteriosclerosis involves a comprehensive approach focusing on lifestyle modification, disease monitoring, education, and symptomatic care. Here is an overview of effective nursing strategies:Assessment and Monitoring: Initial and ongoing assessments are crucial. Nurses must document the patient's medical history, including any hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and other cardiovascular diseases. Assessments also cover family history and lifestyle...
Coronary Artery Disease IV: Preventive Measures01:26

Coronary Artery Disease IV: Preventive Measures

Effective preventive measures for coronary artery disease (CAD) focus on controlling modifiable risk factors, including cholesterol abnormalities and lifestyle changes.Cholesterol ManagementFirst, the Mediterranean diet and the American Heart Association advocate for maintaining low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels below 100 mg/dL, with a more stringent recommendation of below 70 mg/dL for individuals at high risk. LDL cholesterol, often termed "bad cholesterol," can lead to the...
Atherosclerosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Tests01:27

Atherosclerosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Tests

Atherosclerosis is a progressive disorder that leads to the thickening and narrowing of arterial walls due to plaque buildup. This condition can cause various symptoms depending on the arteries affected:Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): This condition affects the coronary arteries and may lead to chest pain (angina), shortness of breath (dyspnea), heart attacks, and other heart disease symptoms.Cerebrovascular Disease: This affects blood flow to the brain, causing transient ischemic attacks (TIAs)...
Vaccines01:21

Vaccines

Vaccines are among the most effective tools in preventive medicine, designed to prepare the immune system to recognize and combat infectious agents. By introducing antigens—substances that the immune system identifies as foreign—vaccines stimulate an adaptive immune response that leads to immunological memory. This immunological memory enables the body to mount a faster and more effective response upon future exposures to the actual pathogen.Vaccines can be categorized based on the type of...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 13, 2026

Quantification of Atherosclerosis in Mice
06:59

Quantification of Atherosclerosis in Mice

Published on: June 12, 2019

Vaccines against atherosclerosis.

Jan Nilsson1, Maria Wigren, Prediman K Shah

  • 1Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö University Hospital, Lund University, SE-205 02 Malmö, Sweden. jan.nilsson@med.lu.se

Expert Review of Vaccines
|March 19, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Atherosclerosis involves arterial inflammation and autoimmune responses. New vaccines targeting plaque antigens show promise in animal studies for reducing inflammation and disease progression.

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Quantitative Analysis of Cellular Composition in Advanced Atherosclerotic Lesions of Smooth Muscle Cell Lineage-Tracing Mice
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Published on: February 20, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 13, 2026

Quantification of Atherosclerosis in Mice
06:59

Quantification of Atherosclerosis in Mice

Published on: June 12, 2019

Quantitative Analysis of Cellular Composition in Advanced Atherosclerotic Lesions of Smooth Muscle Cell Lineage-Tracing Mice
09:06

Quantitative Analysis of Cellular Composition in Advanced Atherosclerotic Lesions of Smooth Muscle Cell Lineage-Tracing Mice

Published on: February 20, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Science
  • Immunology
  • Vascular Biology

Background:

  • Atherosclerosis, a leading cause of heart attack and stroke, is driven by arterial inflammation from oxidized lipoproteins.
  • Immune responses, including autoimmune reactions to modified self-antigens within plaques, significantly modulate this inflammation.
  • Both beneficial and detrimental immune responses are activated during atherosclerosis development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of immune responses in atherosclerosis.
  • To explore the potential of tolerogenic vaccines in managing atherosclerosis.

Main Methods:

  • Studies in mouse models of atherosclerosis with hypercholesterolemia.
  • Analysis of T helper 1 (Th1) cell and regulatory T cell (Treg) activity.
  • Development and testing of plaque-antigen-based tolerogenic vaccines.

Main Results:

  • Th1 cells were found to promote atherosclerosis progression in mouse models.
  • Regulatory T cells demonstrated a protective effect against atherosclerosis.
  • Vaccines targeting apoB100 and heat shock proteins showed promising results in preclinical studies.

Conclusions:

  • Loss of self-tolerance in atherosclerotic plaques may favor pathogenic Th1 responses over protective Tregs.
  • Tolerogenic vaccines targeting plaque antigens represent a potential therapeutic strategy to reduce inflammation and disease progression in atherosclerosis.