Staghorn renal stone in a transplanted kidney

Area of Science:

• Nephrology
• Urology
• Transplantation

Background:

• Renal calculus formation is uncommon in transplant recipients, typically a late complication of secondary hyperparathyroidism.
• This case report focuses on a gout patient who received a cadaveric kidney transplant.

Observation:

• The patient presented without common risk factors like hypercalcemia, infection, or prior graft stones.
• Five months post-transplantation, a large renal pelvis stone was detected via X-ray.

Findings:

• The stone's radiotransparent nucleus, patient history of gout, and postoperative gouty arthritis suggested a uric acid composition.
• This observation points to purine metabolism as a critical factor.

Implications:

• Monitoring purine metabolism is crucial in renal transplant patients with a history of gout.
• This case underscores the need for tailored management strategies in post-transplant patients with specific metabolic conditions.