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Suprapopliteal flap.

K Satoh1, H Gyoutoku, Y Usami

  • 1Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Annals of Plastic Surgery
|May 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary
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Cadaver dissections revealed a consistent cutaneous vessel in the popliteal region, ideal for the new suprapopliteal flap. This flap proved versatile for knee joint soft tissue reconstruction in clinical applications.

Area of Science:

  • Anatomy
  • Vascular Surgery

Background:

  • Understanding the vascular supply to the popliteal region is crucial for reconstructive surgery.
  • Previous anatomical studies have not consistently described the specific cutaneous vessels supplying the suprapopliteal area.

Observation:

  • Cadaver dissections of 16 lower limbs identified two types of cutaneous vessels originating from the popliteal vessels.
  • A consistent cutaneous vessel branching from the semimembranous muscle's artery was observed in all specimens.
  • The vascular pedicle's location was consistently found between 12.5 and 24.0 cm from the tibial condyle.

Findings:

  • A novel suprapopliteal flap, supplied by a consistently found cutaneous vessel, was developed.
  • The flap was successfully applied in four patients, functioning as either a free or an island flap.

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  • Flap survival rates were high, with three out of four flaps surviving completely (one free, two pedicled).

    • Implications:

    • The suprapopliteal flap offers a reliable and versatile option for soft tissue defect reconstruction around the knee joint.
    • This anatomical finding expands reconstructive surgical possibilities, particularly for free and pedicled flap applications.
    • Further research into the flap's long-term outcomes and broader clinical utility is warranted.