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Gallic acid: molecular rival of cancer

Sharad Verma1, Amit Singh, Abha Mishra

  • 1School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India.

Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology
|March 19, 2013
PubMed

Insights

Gallic acid, a polyphenol, inhibits cancer growth by modulating key genes and signaling pathways. This dietary compound shows promise for cancer chemoprevention strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Gallic acid is a major polyphenol with demonstrated anticancer properties.
  • Its inhibitory effects on cancer cell growth are linked to gene modulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms behind gallic acid's chemopreventive effects.
  • To investigate gallic acid's impact on cell cycle, metastasis, angiogenesis, and apoptosis.

Main Methods:

  • In vivo and in vitro studies were conducted.
  • Analysis of gene modulation and signaling pathway activation (NF-κB, Akt, ATM kinase).
  • Assessment of enzyme activities (COX, ribonucleotide reductase) and glutathione (GSH) levels.

Main Results:

  • Gallic acid modulates genes controlling cell cycle, metastasis, angiogenesis, and apoptosis.
  • It inhibits NF-κB and Akt signaling pathways and reduces COX, ribonucleotide reductase, and GSH activity.
  • Gallic acid activates ATM kinase signaling, crucial for preventing carcinogenesis.

Conclusions:

  • Gallic acid exhibits significant anticancer activity through multiple molecular targets.
  • Its ability to modulate critical cancer-related pathways makes it a promising chemopreventive agent.

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