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Caspase-8 and FLIP regulate RIG-I/MDA5-induced innate immune host responses to picornaviruses

Iwona A Buskiewicz1, Andreas Koenig, Sally A Huber

  • 1Department of Pathology, Vermont Center for Immunology & Infectious Diseases, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA.

Future Virology
|March 19, 2013
PubMed

Insights

Picornaviruses cause diseases by evading the innate immune response. This review details how RIG-I-like helicases, mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein, and apoptosis pathways mediate the host

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Picornaviruses are RNA viruses causing significant human diseases like hepatitis and the common cold.
  • Tissue damage from picornaviruses involves complex host responses beyond direct viral replication.
  • Picornaviruses effectively evade the early innate immune response, leading to chronic infections and autoimmunity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the early innate host response to picornavirus infection.
  • To elucidate the roles of RIG-I-like helicases, MAVS, and apoptosis in picornavirus pathogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on picornavirus-host interactions.
  • Analysis of the innate immune signaling pathways involved.
  • Discussion of apoptosis regulation by caspase-8 and FLIP.

Main Results:

  • Picornaviruses' evasion of innate immunity is a key factor in disease.
  • RIG-I-like helicases and MAVS are crucial in initiating the antiviral response.
  • Innate immune-induced apoptosis, involving caspase-8 and FLIP, plays a significant role.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the early innate immune response is critical for combating picornavirus infections.
  • Targeting these pathways may offer therapeutic strategies against picornaviruses.
  • The interplay between viral evasion and host defense mechanisms warrants further investigation.
Keywords:
FLIPMAVSMDA5RIG-Iapoptosiscaspase-8innate immunitymitochondriapicornavirus

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