Maternal perinatal diet induces developmental programming of bone architecture
M J Devlin1, C Grasemann, A M Cloutier
1Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. mjdevlin@umich.edu
Insights
Maternal high-fat diet impacts offspring bone development, leading to altered bone mineral content and structure. This perinatal programming affects skeletal acquisition and homeostasis in offspring, with sex-specific differences observed.
Area of Science:
- Developmental Biology
- Nutritional Science
- Orthopedics
Background:
- Maternal diet during gestation and lactation is a critical factor in offspring development.
- High-fat (HF) diets in mothers are known to influence offspring metabolism through developmental programming.
- The impact of maternal HF diet on offspring skeletal acquisition and bone strength remains less understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the hypothesis that maternal HF diet induces perinatal programming of offspring bone mass and strength.
- To compare skeletal development and bone parameters in offspring exposed to maternal HF diet versus a normal diet.
- To assess the long-term effects of maternal dietary interventions on offspring bone homeostasis.
Main Methods:
- C57Bl/6J mice were fed either a HF or normal diet from preconception through lactation.
- Offspring (male and female) were analyzed at 14 and 26 weeks of age.
- Measurements included body composition, whole-body bone mineral content (WBBMC), femoral microarchitecture (cortical and trabecular), and glucose tolerance.
Main Results:
- Female offspring from HF-fed mothers showed reduced WBBMC but increased trabecular bone volume fraction.
- Male offspring from HF-fed mothers exhibited increased trabecular bone volume fraction and cortical bone area.
- Both sexes displayed altered body composition and metabolic markers, with sex-specific differences in glucose tolerance and serum hormones.
Conclusions:
- Maternal HF diet exerts complex, sex-specific effects on offspring skeletal acquisition and bone architecture.
- Perinatal programming by maternal diet influences postnatal skeletal homeostasis.
- These findings highlight the critical role of maternal nutrition in offspring bone health and metabolic programming.
Abstract:
Maternal high-fat (HF) diet can alter offspring metabolism via perinatal developmental programming. This study tests the hypothesis that maternal HF diet also induces perinatal programming of offspring bone mass and strength. We compared skeletal acquisition in pups from C57Bl/6J mice fed HF or normal diet from preconception through lactation. Three-week-old male and female pups from HF (HF-N) and normal mothers (N-N) were weaned onto normal diet. Outcomes at 14 and 26 weeks of age included body mass, body composition, whole-body bone mineral content (WBBMC) via peripheral dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, femoral cortical and trabecular architecture via microcomputed tomography, and glucose tolerance. Female HF-N had normal body mass and glucose tolerance, with lower body fat (%) but higher serum leptin at 14 weeks vs. N-N (P<0.05 for both). WBBMC was 12% lower at 14 weeks and 5% lower at 26 weeks, but trabecular bone volume fraction was 20% higher at 14 weeks in female HF-N vs. N-N (P<0.05 for all). Male HF-N had normal body mass and mildly impaired glucose tolerance, with lower body fat (%) at 14 weeks and lower serum leptin at 26 weeks vs. N-N (P<0.05 for both). Serum insulin was higher at 14 weeks and lower at 26 weeks in HF-N vs. N-N (P<0.05). Trabecular BV/TV was 34% higher and cortical bone area was 6% higher at 14 weeks vs. N-N (P<0.05 for both). These data suggest that maternal HF diet has complex effects on offspring bone, supporting the hypothesis that maternal diet alters postnatal skeletal homeostasis.
More Related Videos
03:19Modifying Levels of Maternal Dietary Folic Acid or Choline to Study the Impact of Deficiencies on Offspring Health Outcomes
Published on: June 28, 2024
05:44Concurrent Collection of Fetal Murine Brain and Serum to Assess Effects of Maternal Diet on Nutrition and Neurodevelopment in Neurofibromatosis Type 1
Published on: May 17, 2024
Related Concept Videos
01:29Bone Disorders
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
01:24Bone Formation by Endochondral Ossification
01:17Hormones and Bone Tissue
Hormones That Influence Osteoblasts and/or Maintain the Matrix
Several hormones are necessary for controlling bone growth and maintaining the bone matrix. The pituitary gland secretes growth hormone (GH), which, as its name implies, controls bone growth. This happens in several ways: first, it triggers chondrocyte...
01:29Bone Formation by Intramembranous Ossification
The process begins when mesenchymal cells in the embryonic skeleton gather together and differentiate into osteogenic cells, which then develop into...
01:07Teratogenicity
01:28Development of the Oral Microbiota