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On the basic structure of poly(glycerophosphate) lipoteichoic acids.

W Fischer1, T Mannsfeld, G Hagen

  • 1Institut für Biochemie der Medizinischen Fakultät der Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Federal Republic of Germany.

Biochemistry and Cell Biology = Biochimie Et Biologie Cellulaire
|January 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary

This study analyzes poly(glycerophosphate) lipoteichoic acids in 24 Gram-positive bacteria, revealing a consistent, unbranched poly(glycerophosphate) chain structure linked to glycolipids. These findings clarify the structural relationship between lipoteichoic acids and glycerophosphoglycolipids.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Biochemistry
  • Structural Biology

Background:

  • Lipoteichoic acids are crucial cell wall components in Gram-positive bacteria.
  • Understanding their structure is key to bacterial physiology and potential therapeutic targeting.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the detailed structure of poly(glycerophosphate) lipoteichoic acids from various Gram-positive bacteria.
  • To investigate the linkage and arrangement of the poly(glycerophosphate) chain and glycolipid moiety.
  • To explore the relationship between lipoteichoic acids and glycerophosphoglycolipids.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of glycerol and glycerophosphates via acid and alkaline hydrolysis.
  • Molar ratio analysis (glycolipid:phosphorus, phosphomonoester:phosphorus).

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  • Hydrophobic interaction chromatography and beta-elimination for structural characterization.

    • Main Results:

    • All analyzed lipoteichoic acids possess a single, unbranched 1,3-linked poly(glycerophosphate) chain.
    • The poly(glycerophosphate) chain is uniformly linked to the C-6 of the nonreducing hexopyranosyl residue of the glycolipid.
    • Phosphatidyl residue is at C-6 of the reducing hexosyl residue, and the poly(glycerophosphate) chain at C-6 of the nonreducing one in phosphatidylglycolipid species.

    Conclusions:

    • The study confirms a consistent and specific structure for poly(glycerophosphate) lipoteichoic acids across diverse Gram-positive genera.
    • Established structural details provide strong evidence for a biosynthetic relationship between lipoteichoic acids and glycerophosphoglycolipids.
    • Minor structural variations warrant further investigation.