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Related Concept Videos

Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...
Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...
Pharmacogenetics of Drug Targets: β₂-Adrenergic Receptors, Apo E, Thymidylate Synthase01:11

Pharmacogenetics of Drug Targets: β₂-Adrenergic Receptors, Apo E, Thymidylate Synthase

Genetic polymorphisms in drug targets have emerged as critical determinants of interindividual variability in drug response and toxicity. Pharmacogenomic investigations increasingly focus on identifying these variations to personalize and optimize therapeutic interventions. A drug target may be a receptor, enzyme, or signaling protein involved in pharmacologic responses or disease-related pathways. While early pharmacogenetic studies focused primarily on drug metabolism, current research...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 13, 2026

An Orthotopic Bladder Cancer Model for Gene Delivery Studies
07:48

An Orthotopic Bladder Cancer Model for Gene Delivery Studies

Published on: December 1, 2013

Targeting GRPR in urological cancers--from basic research to clinical application.

Rosalba Mansi1, Achim Fleischmann, Helmut R Mäcke

  • 1Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.

Nature Reviews. Urology
|March 20, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Gastrin releasing peptide (GRP) analogues show promise for targeting GRP receptors (GRPR) in cancers. Radioactive GRP analogues are particularly effective for diagnostic imaging and therapy in prostate and other GRPR-expressing tumors.

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Testing Targeted Therapies in Cancer using Structural DNA Alteration Analysis and Patient-Derived Xenografts
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Last Updated: May 13, 2026

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Testing Targeted Therapies in Cancer using Structural DNA Alteration Analysis and Patient-Derived Xenografts
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Testing Targeted Therapies in Cancer using Structural DNA Alteration Analysis and Patient-Derived Xenografts

Published on: July 25, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Radiochemistry
  • Molecular Imaging

Background:

  • Gastrin releasing peptide (GRP) is a regulatory peptide.
  • Its receptor, GRPR, is overexpressed in prostate and renal cell cancers, and urinary tract cancer tumoral vessels.
  • Targeting GRPR offers potential for cancer diagnosis and therapy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and test GRP analogues for targeting GRPR-expressing tumors.
  • To evaluate radioactive, cytotoxic, and nonradioactive GRP analogues for diagnostic and therapeutic applications.
  • To assess the clinical potential of GRP analogues in cancer treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Design and synthesis of potent and specific GRP analogues (radioactive, cytotoxic, nonradioactive).
  • Testing of GRP analogues in various animal tumor models.
  • Clinical studies of radioactive GRP analogues (agonists and antagonists).

Main Results:

  • All tested GRP analogue categories demonstrated suitability for tumor targeting in animal models.
  • Cytotoxic and nonradioactive GRP analogues have not yet shown significant tumor reduction in human trials.
  • Early clinical studies indicate radioactive GRP analogues are promising for diagnostic imaging and radiotherapy.

Conclusions:

  • GRP analogues are viable candidates for GRPR-targeted cancer diagnosis and therapy.
  • Radioactive GRP analogues show significant clinical potential for imaging and treating prostate and other GRPR-expressing cancers.
  • Further clinical investigation of GRP analogues is warranted.