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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 13, 2026

In Vivo Chronic Two-Photon Imaging of Microglia in the Mouse Hippocampus
07:03

In Vivo Chronic Two-Photon Imaging of Microglia in the Mouse Hippocampus

Published on: July 6, 2022

Microglia, seen from the CX3CR1 angle.

Yochai Wolf1, Simon Yona, Ki-Wook Kim

  • 1Department of Immunology, The Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovot, Israel.

Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience
|March 20, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Microglia utilize the CX3CR1 receptor to interact with neurons via CX3CL1/fractalkine. This CX3C axis is crucial for brain homeostasis and response to injury, with CX3CR1 promoter activity aiding microglia research.

Keywords:
CX3CR1Cre-loxP knock-in micemicroglianeuroimmunologyneuropathology

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Last Updated: May 13, 2026

In Vivo Chronic Two-Photon Imaging of Microglia in the Mouse Hippocampus
07:03

In Vivo Chronic Two-Photon Imaging of Microglia in the Mouse Hippocampus

Published on: July 6, 2022

Precise Brain Mapping to Perform Repetitive In Vivo Imaging of Neuro-Immune Dynamics in Mice
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Precise Brain Mapping to Perform Repetitive In Vivo Imaging of Neuro-Immune Dynamics in Mice

Published on: August 7, 2020

Isolation of Cortical Microglia with Preserved Immunophenotype and Functionality From Murine Neonates
09:12

Isolation of Cortical Microglia with Preserved Immunophenotype and Functionality From Murine Neonates

Published on: January 30, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Microglial cells, the primary immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS), express high levels of the chemokine receptor CX3CR1.
  • The only known ligand for CX3CR1 is CX3CL1/fractalkine, a chemokine primarily expressed by neurons in the brain parenchyma.
  • The CX3C axis, comprising CX3CR1 and CX3CL1, plays a significant role in modulating microglial function and neuronal communication.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the physiological functions of CX3CR1 in microglia.
  • To elucidate the role of the CX3C axis in microglial-neuronal crosstalk during CNS homeostasis and disease.
  • To review strategies for utilizing CX3CR1 promoter activity for microglia research in the CNS.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of existing research on the CX3CR1/CX3CL1 axis.
  • Analysis of studies investigating microglial function and neuronal interactions.
  • Discussion of genetic and imaging techniques targeting the CX3CR1 promoter.

Main Results:

  • CX3CR1 signaling is integral to microglial homeostasis and their communication with neurons.
  • The CX3C axis influences microglial responses under both normal physiological conditions and pathological challenges.
  • Exploiting the CX3CR1 promoter enables targeted visualization and genetic manipulation of microglia.

Conclusions:

  • The CX3CR1-CX3CL1 axis is a key regulator of microglial-neuronal interactions in the CNS.
  • Understanding this axis is vital for comprehending brain function and disease.
  • CX3CR1-based tools offer promising avenues for advancing microglia-focused neuroscience research.