Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Synthetic Biology02:55

Synthetic Biology

Synthetic biology is an interdisciplinary science that involves using principles from disciplines such as engineering, molecular biology, cell biology, and systems biology. It involves remodeling existing organisms from nature or constructing completely new synthetic organisms for applications such as protein or enzyme production, bioremediation, value-added macromolecule production, and the addition of desirable traits to crops, to name a few.
Golden rice
Golden rice is a genetically modified...
Translation01:31

Translation

Lesson: Translation
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
Translation01:31

Translation

Lesson: Translation
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
Transfer RNA Synthesis02:36

Transfer RNA Synthesis

One of the unique features of tRNA is the presence of modified bases. In some tRNAs, modified bases account for nearly 20% of the total bases in the molecule. Altogether, these unusual bases protect the tRNA from enzymatic degradation by RNases.
Each of these chemical modifications is carried by a specific enzyme, post-transcription. All of these enzymes have unique base and site-specificity. Methylation, the most common chemical modification, is carried by at least nine different enzymes, with...
Transfer RNA Synthesis02:36

Transfer RNA Synthesis

One of the unique features of tRNA is the presence of modified bases. In some tRNAs, modified bases account for nearly 20% of the total bases in the molecule. Altogether, these unusual bases protect the tRNA from enzymatic degradation by RNases.
Each of these chemical modifications is carried by a specific enzyme, post-transcription. All of these enzymes have unique base and site-specificity. Methylation, the most common chemical modification, is carried by at least nine different enzymes, with...
ATP and Macromolecule Synthesis01:28

ATP and Macromolecule Synthesis

Biological macromolecules are organic compounds, predominantly composed of carbon atoms. The carbon atoms are covalently bonded with hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and other minor elements. There are four major biological macromolecule classes: carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.
Most macromolecules are composed of single subunits, or building blocks, called monomers. The monomers combine with each other using covalent bonds to form larger molecules known as polymers.
Conversion of...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

DNA-Compatible One-Pot Stahl Oxidation-Alkylation Enables Broader Use of Primary Alcohols in DEL Synthesis.

Organic letters·2026
Same author

On-DNA Binder Confirmation: Increasing Confidence in DEL Hits.

Journal of medicinal chemistry·2025
Same author

Correction to "Modular Click Assembly DNA-Encoded Glycoconjugate Libraries with on-DNA Functional Group Transformations".

Bioconjugate chemistry·2024
Same author

On-DNA hydroalkylation of <i>N</i>-vinyl heterocycles <i>via</i> photoinduced EDA-complex activation.

Chemical science·2023
Same author

Modular Click Assembly DNA-Encoded Glycoconjugate Libraries with on-DNA Functional Group Transformations.

Bioconjugate chemistry·2023
Same author

Photoredox-catalysed hydroaminoalkylation of on-DNA <i>N</i>-arylamines.

Organic & biomolecular chemistry·2023

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 13, 2026

A High-Yield Streptomyces Transcription-Translation Toolkit for Synthetic Biology and Natural Product Applications
07:59

A High-Yield Streptomyces Transcription-Translation Toolkit for Synthetic Biology and Natural Product Applications

Published on: September 10, 2021

Translational synthetic chemistry

Sarathy Kesavan1, Lisa A Marcaurelle

  • 1H3 Biomedicine Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.

Nature Chemical Biology
|March 20, 2013
PubMed
Summary

No abstract available in PubMed .

More Related Videos

Functional Surface-immobilization of Genes Using Multistep Strand Displacement Lithography
11:05

Functional Surface-immobilization of Genes Using Multistep Strand Displacement Lithography

Published on: October 25, 2018

A Multilayer Microfluidic Platform for the Conduction of Prolonged Cell-Free Gene Expression
11:23

A Multilayer Microfluidic Platform for the Conduction of Prolonged Cell-Free Gene Expression

Published on: October 6, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 13, 2026

A High-Yield Streptomyces Transcription-Translation Toolkit for Synthetic Biology and Natural Product Applications
07:59

A High-Yield Streptomyces Transcription-Translation Toolkit for Synthetic Biology and Natural Product Applications

Published on: September 10, 2021

Functional Surface-immobilization of Genes Using Multistep Strand Displacement Lithography
11:05

Functional Surface-immobilization of Genes Using Multistep Strand Displacement Lithography

Published on: October 25, 2018

A Multilayer Microfluidic Platform for the Conduction of Prolonged Cell-Free Gene Expression
11:23

A Multilayer Microfluidic Platform for the Conduction of Prolonged Cell-Free Gene Expression

Published on: October 6, 2019