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Motion Detection in Diffusion MRI via Online ODF Estimation.

Emmanuel Caruyer1, Iman Aganj, Christophe Lenglet

  • 1Athena Project-Team, INRIA, 2004 Route des Lucioles, BP93, 06902 Sophia Antipolis, INRIA Sophia Antipolis Méditerranée, France.

International Journal of Biomedical Imaging
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Summary

This study introduces STAR, a Kalman filter-based method for real-time motion detection during diffusion MRI scans. It enables immediate feedback, improving image quality by identifying subtle head movements.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Imaging
  • Neuroimaging Techniques
  • Signal Processing in MRI

Background:

  • High angular resolution diffusion MRI (HARDI) acquisition is lengthy, increasing susceptibility to subject motion.
  • Subject motion during HARDI compromises image quality and the accuracy of diffusion metrics.
  • Online reconstruction methods are needed to provide real-time feedback during HARDI acquisition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To adapt a Kalman filtering framework for online, incremental reconstruction of the orientation distribution function (ODF).
  • To develop and evaluate a novel image-based method, STatistical Analysis of Residuals (STAR), for online motion detection in HARDI.
  • To assess STAR's performance against existing techniques without introducing additional scan time or hardware requirements.

Main Methods:

  • Kalman filtering framework adapted for incremental ODF reconstruction in constant solid angle.
  • Development and application of the STatistical Analysis of Residuals (STAR) method for online motion detection.
  • Comparison of STAR with the generalized likelihood ratio test using simulated and real HARDI data.

Main Results:

  • Successful online ODF reconstruction using a Kalman filtering approach.
  • STAR effectively detects subtle head motion (rotations < 2°) in real-time.
  • STAR demonstrates robustness to noise and outperforms the generalized likelihood ratio test in certain scenarios.
  • The STAR method requires no additional scan time or hardware.

Conclusions:

  • The Kalman filter provides an effective framework for online ODF reconstruction in HARDI.
  • STAR is a novel, efficient, and hardware-independent method for real-time motion detection during HARDI acquisition.
  • Real-time motion detection using STAR can improve the quality and reliability of diffusion MRI data.