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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 13, 2026

Blast Quantification Using Hopkinson Pressure Bars
09:41

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Published on: July 5, 2016

Communicating quantitative information about unexploded ordnance risks to the public.

Jacqueline MacDonald Gibson1, Aimee Rowe, Eric R Stone

  • 1Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA. Jackie.macdonald@unc.edu

Environmental Science & Technology
|March 22, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Understanding risks from unexploded ordnance (UXO) is crucial. Stacked bar graphs improve risk communication accuracy, while uncertainty information can hinder it, impacting community perceptions and management preferences.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental science
  • Risk communication
  • Public health

Background:

  • Military base closures result in significant land contamination with unexploded ordnance (UXO).
  • Accurate quantification and communication of residual UXO risks are essential for public safety.
  • Community understanding of probabilistic risk information is key to effective risk management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how a community responds to probabilistic risk information regarding UXO.
  • To evaluate the impact of different communication formats on risk understanding, perception, and worry.
  • To inform policy recommendations for the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regarding UXO risk assessment.

Main Methods:

  • Eight distinct communication formats were tested, varying textual descriptions, comparative data, stacked bar graphs, and uncertainty visualizations (histograms/summaries).
  • The study assessed changes in risk understanding, risk management preferences, risk perceptions, and levels of worry.
  • Data was collected on how probabilistic information influences community responses to UXO contamination.

Main Results:

  • Stacked bar graphs significantly improved the correct reporting of harm probability and reduced perceived risk compared to text-only descriptions.
  • Inclusion of uncertainty information (histograms or summaries) halved the odds of correctly reporting harm probability.
  • Risk communication formats did not influence risk management preferences among the community.

Conclusions:

  • Visualizations like stacked bar graphs are more effective for communicating UXO risks than traditional textual methods.
  • Communicating uncertainty requires careful consideration, as it can inadvertently decrease risk comprehension.
  • The EPA should transition from qualitative to quantitative approaches for assessing and communicating UXO risks to enhance public safety and policy effectiveness.