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Related Concept Videos

COPD: Pathogenesis and Clinical Features01:20

COPD: Pathogenesis and Clinical Features

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a group of lung conditions that progressively worsen over time, including chronic bronchitis and emphysema. This cluster of diseases collectively leads to a gradual and irreversible decline in lung function over time.
The primary cause for the onset of COPD is cigarette smoking and exposure to air pollution. These hazardous factors initiate a chain reaction within the lungs, resulting in chronic inflammation, damage to the airways, and a...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease II: Emphysema01:23

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease II: Emphysema

Emphysema, a major phenotype of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), is characterized by irreversible destruction of alveolar walls and permanent enlargement of distal airspaces. Unlike chronic bronchitis, which primarily affects the airways, emphysema predominantly involves the lung parenchyma, where structural damage leads to airflow limitation.PathophysiologyIt most commonly results from prolonged exposure to cigarette smoke and other toxic gases, particularly cigarette smoke.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-III: Symptoms and Complications.01:25

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-III: Symptoms and Complications.

Understanding the variety of primary symptoms and systemic complications that characterize chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is crucial for healthcare professionals.
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Primary Symptoms of COPD:
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease IV: Clinical Manifestations01:19

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease IV: Clinical Manifestations

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, or COPD, is a long-term condition marked by persistent and only partially reversible airflow limitation. It involves two overlapping conditions—chronic bronchitis and emphysema—which often co-appear but differ in dominant symptoms and underlying mechanisms.Chronic Bronchitis FeaturesChronic bronchitis presents with a persistent productive cough and thick, sometimes purulent mucus due to airway inflammation, enlarged mucus glands, and goblet cell...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-I: Introduction01:20

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-I: Introduction

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a long-lasting respiratory condition requiring continuous attention and care. It is a progressive lung disease that leads to breathing challenges due to airflow obstruction. It manifests as persistent respiratory symptoms and restricted airflow resulting from abnormalities in the airways and alveoli, usually due to long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases. COPD mainly consists of two primary conditions: emphysema and chronic bronchitis.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease I: Introduction01:23

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease I: Introduction

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a common, preventable, and treatable respiratory disorder characterized by persistent symptoms and progressive airflow limitation. This limitation results from a combination of small-airway disease (obstructive bronchiolitis) and parenchymal destruction (emphysema), both driven by chronic inflammation from exposure to harmful particles or gases.The disease includes two main pathological entities: emphysema, marked by destruction of alveolar walls and...

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Personalized Peptide Arrays for Detection of HLA Alloantibodies in Organ Transplantation
08:07

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Published on: September 6, 2017

HLA distribution in COPD patients.

Rosa Faner1, Belen Nuñez, Jaume Sauleda

  • 1Fundació Investigació Sanitaria Illes Balears (FISIB), Palma de Mallorca, Barcelona, Spain. rfaner@clinic.ub.es

COPD
|March 22, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II allele DRB1*14 may contribute to severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with emphysema. Further research is needed to confirm its role in COPD pathogenesis.

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Analysis of HBV-Specific CD4 T-cell Responses and Identification of HLA-DR-Restricted CD4 T-Cell Epitopes Based on a Peptide Matrix
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Area of Science:

  • Immunogenetics
  • Pulmonology

Background:

  • Autoimmunity is implicated in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) pathogenesis, particularly emphysema.
  • Abnormal human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II allele distribution characterizes autoimmune diseases.
  • The specific distribution of DRB1 and DQB1 alleles in COPD remains uninvestigated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the distribution of HLA class II (DRB1 and DQB1) alleles in patients with COPD.
  • To explore potential associations between HLA allele distribution and COPD severity, including airflow limitation and lung diffusing capacity.

Main Methods:

  • HLA typing (medium-low resolution) was performed on 320 clinically stable COPD patients from the PAC-COPD study.
  • Results were compared to ethnically and geographically matched controls.
  • Associations with airflow limitation and diffusing capacity were analyzed in COPD patients.

Main Results:

  • Overall, HLA DRB1 and DQB1 allele distribution in COPD patients did not significantly differ from controls.
  • A significantly higher prevalence of the DRB1*14 allele was observed in COPD patients with severe airflow limitation and impaired lung diffusing capacity.

Conclusions:

  • While overall HLA class II allele distribution is similar between COPD patients and controls, the DRB1*14 allele may play a role in the pathogenesis of severe COPD.
  • The HLA class II allele DRB1*14 is a potential contributor to the development of severe COPD with emphysema.