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Related Concept Videos

Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age01:27

Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age

Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
Nondisjunction01:21

Nondisjunction

Nondisjunction is the failure of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids to separate correctly and move to the opposite poles of the cells. This produces daughter cells with abnormal chromosome numbers.  Nondisjunction is common during anaphase I or anaphase II of meiosis.  Mutations in synaptonemal complex proteins that attach homologous chromosomes increase the chances of nondisjunction in anaphase I of meiosis I. In contrast, mutations in topoisomerases and condensins that hold sister...
Meiosis I03:09

Meiosis I

Meiosis is the division of a diploid cell into haploid cells forming sperm and eggs in animals through differentiation. Meiosis I is the first stage of meiosis, where the genetic recombination of homologous chromosomes and the reduction of the ploidy level by half occurs.
Prophase I is the most extended and complex step of meiosis I characterized by synapsis, chromosome pairing, and recombination of the homologous chromosomes. This process is facilitated by a proteinaceous structure called the...
Longitudinal Research02:20

Longitudinal Research

Sometimes we want to see how people change over time, as in studies of human development and lifespan. When we test the same group of individuals repeatedly over an extended period of time, we are conducting longitudinal research. Longitudinal research is a research design in which data-gathering is administered repeatedly over an extended period of time. For example, we may survey a group of individuals about their dietary habits at age 20, retest them a decade later at age 30, and then again...
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption01:22

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption

As individuals age, their body's physiology evolves, affecting drug pharmacokinetics. The most apparent changes occur in the gastrointestinal tract, where an increase in gastric pH, a delay in gastric emptying, and a reduction in gastrointestinal motility are observed. Remarkably, these changes do not substantially modify the absorption of orally administered drugs, particularly those absorbed via passive diffusion.Transdermal drug delivery emerges as a highly viable method for older adults due...
Two-Way ANOVA01:17

Two-Way ANOVA

The two-way ANOVA is an extension of the one-way ANOVA. It is a statistical test performed on three or more samples categorized by two factors - a row factor and a column factor. Ronald Fischer mentioned it in 1925 in his book 'Statistical Methods for Researchers.'
The two-way ANOVA analysis initially begins by stating the null hypothesis that there is an interaction effect between the two factors of a dataset. This effect can be visualized using line segments formed by joining the means for...

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Updated: May 13, 2026

Stable Isotope In-Vivo Labeling for Mass-Spectrometry Identification of Paternal Metabolites Transferred from Sperm to Oocyte During Fertilization
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Stable Isotope In-Vivo Labeling for Mass-Spectrometry Identification of Paternal Metabolites Transferred from Sperm to Oocyte During Fertilization

Published on: June 17, 2025

The paternal age effect: a multifaceted phenomenon.

Jamila R Momand1, Guogang Xu, Christi A Walter

  • 1South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA.

Biology of Reproduction
|March 22, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Older fathers are increasingly common, posing risks for genetic disorders in children. Research into paternal age effects on offspring health is crucial for future generations.

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Stable Isotope In-Vivo Labeling for Mass-Spectrometry Identification of Paternal Metabolites Transferred from Sperm to Oocyte During Fertilization
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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive health
  • Genetics
  • Developmental biology

Background:

  • Paternal age is a growing concern due to a 30% increase in births to older fathers since 1980.
  • Older fathers are associated with an increased risk of genetic and multifactorial disorders in offspring.
  • Laboratory research is limited by experimental barriers, including access to human testicular tissue.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the significance of paternal age as a public health issue.
  • To review proposed mechanisms linking paternal age to offspring health risks.
  • To identify key research areas for understanding the impact of paternal age.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing laboratory research and proposed models.
  • Analysis of potential molecular mechanisms involved in paternal age-related risks.
  • Identification of experimental challenges and future research directions.

Main Results:

  • Proposed mechanisms include reduced DNA repair activity, leading to increased mutagenesis.
  • Alternative mechanisms involve positive selection of germ cells with disease-causing mutations.
  • Despite challenges, intriguing models supported by experimental evidence have emerged.

Conclusions:

  • Paternal age is an increasingly relevant factor impacting offspring health and genetic integrity.
  • Further research is essential to elucidate the precise mechanisms and mitigate risks.
  • Understanding these mechanisms is vital for addressing the health of future generations.