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Related Concept Videos

Neurogenesis and Regeneration of Nervous Tissue01:15

Neurogenesis and Regeneration of Nervous Tissue

In the CNS, neurogenesis, the birth of new neurons from stem cells, is limited to the hippocampus in adults. In other regions of the brain and spinal cord, neurogenesis is almost non-existent due to inhibitory influences from neuroglia, especially oligodendrocytes, and the absence of growth-stimulating cues. The myelin produced by oligodendrocytes in the CNS inhibits neuronal regeneration. Furthermore, astrocytes proliferate rapidly after neuronal damage, forming scar tissue that physically...
Nervous Tissue: Myelin01:25

Nervous Tissue: Myelin

The myelin sheath is a multilayered lipid and protein covering that insulates the axon of a neuron, enhancing the speed of nerve impulse conduction. Axons without this sheath are referred to as unmyelinated. Two types of neuroglia, Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system (CNS) are responsible for producing myelin sheaths.
Schwann cells begin to form myelin sheaths around axons during fetal development. They wrap around a small...
Glial Cells01:04

Glial Cells

Overview
Nervous Tissue: Glial Cells01:31

Nervous Tissue: Glial Cells

Glia, or neuroglia, are vital support cells that assist neurons in their functions. The term "glia" originates from the Greek word for "glue," reflecting their role in holding the nervous system together. These cells can be categorized into six types: four in the central nervous system (CNS) and two in the peripheral nervous system (PNS).
The CNS glial cell includes the astrocytes, the oligodendrocytes, the microglia, and the ependymal cells.
Astrocytes are star-shaped glial cells that interact...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 13, 2026

Preparation of Rat Oligodendrocyte Progenitor Cultures and Quantification of Oligodendrogenesis Using Dual-infrared Fluorescence Scanning
11:11

Preparation of Rat Oligodendrocyte Progenitor Cultures and Quantification of Oligodendrogenesis Using Dual-infrared Fluorescence Scanning

Published on: February 17, 2016

Polydendrocytes in development and myelin repair.

Hao Zuo1, Akiko Nishiyama

  • 1Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269-3156, USA.

Neuroscience Bulletin
|March 22, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Polydendrocytes (NG2 cells) are key glial cells in the central nervous system (CNS) that can generate new oligodendrocytes and astrocytes. Understanding their development is crucial for promoting remyelination in demyelinated lesions.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cell Biology
  • Glial Cell Biology

Background:

  • Polydendrocytes (NG2 cells) are a unique glial cell type found throughout the developing and adult central nervous system (CNS).
  • In the adult CNS, polydendrocytes are the most proliferative cell population, retaining mitotic activity.
  • Their lineage plasticity allows them to differentiate into both oligodendrocytes and astrocytes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on polydendrocyte development.
  • To establish a foundation for understanding remyelination mechanisms in demyelinated lesions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of polydendrocyte development and function.
  • Synthesis of genetic and epigenetic regulatory mechanisms.
  • Analysis of polydendrocyte response to demyelination.

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Organotypic Slice Cultures to Study Oligodendrocyte Dynamics and Myelination

Published on: August 25, 2014

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Last Updated: May 13, 2026

Preparation of Rat Oligodendrocyte Progenitor Cultures and Quantification of Oligodendrogenesis Using Dual-infrared Fluorescence Scanning
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Preparation of Rat Oligodendrocyte Progenitor Cultures and Quantification of Oligodendrogenesis Using Dual-infrared Fluorescence Scanning

Published on: February 17, 2016

Rapid and Specific Immunomagnetic Isolation of Mouse Primary Oligodendrocytes
09:32

Rapid and Specific Immunomagnetic Isolation of Mouse Primary Oligodendrocytes

Published on: May 21, 2018

Organotypic Slice Cultures to Study Oligodendrocyte Dynamics and Myelination
09:45

Organotypic Slice Cultures to Study Oligodendrocyte Dynamics and Myelination

Published on: August 25, 2014

Main Results:

  • Polydendrocytes are the primary source of new oligodendrocytes and astrocytes in the CNS.
  • These cells are mitotically active in the adult CNS.
  • Polydendrocytes differentiate into myelin-forming oligodendrocytes upon demyelination.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding polydendrocyte development is essential for therapeutic strategies targeting CNS repair.
  • Polydendrocytes play a critical role in the endogenous remyelination process.
  • Further research into polydendrocyte fate determination can unlock new avenues for treating demyelinating diseases.