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Related Concept Videos

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis

Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
Risk Factors
The exact cause of IBD remains unclear, although it is believed to be due to a mix of genetic, environmental, microbial, and immune factors. Genetic factors are significant in determining susceptibility to IBD, with family history being a critical risk factor. Individuals with a first-degree relative who has IBD are at...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis01:20

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the colon characterized by continuous mucosal inflammation that typically begins in the rectum and extends proximally in a uniform pattern. Its pathogenesis involves a complex interplay of genetic predisposition, immune dysregulation, and environmental influences. These factors converge to impair the colon’s epithelial defenses and promote an exaggerated inflammatory response against luminal contents.Breakdown of the Mucosal BarrierA...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Clinical Manifestations01:20

Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Clinical Manifestations

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) encompasses two major chronic disorders—ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease—each characterized by relapsing episodes of gastrointestinal inflammation. Although they share certain clinical features, their patterns of involvement and manifestations differ in ways that aid diagnosis and guide management.Ulcerative ColitisUlcerative colitis is limited to the colon and rectum and involves continuous inflammation of the mucosal layer. The disease course is marked...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Introduction01:26

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Introduction

Inflammatory bowel disease is a group of chronic disorders marked by recurrent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract due to an abnormal immune response against gut microflora. This leads to tissue damage. The two main forms are Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis.Crohn’s DiseaseCrohn’s disease is a relapsing inflammatory disorder that can affect any part of the GI tract, from the mouth to the anus. It involves all layers of the bowel wall (transmural) and shows “skip lesions” in which...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease01:30

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease

Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, commonly known as IBD, refers to a collection of disorders that lead to persistent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The two types of IBD are ulcerative colitis, which impacts the colon, and Crohn's disease, which can involve any part of the gastrointestinal segment.
Crohn's disease
Crohn's disease is a chronic, systemic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that predominantly affects the gastrointestinal tract. It is marked by transmural...
Formation of the Platelet Plug01:22

Formation of the Platelet Plug

The platelet phase, the second stage of hemostasis, commences around 15-20 seconds after an injury. It follows and overlaps with the vascular phase, during which blood vessels constrict to minimize blood loss.
As the injured blood vessel contracts, endothelial cells undergo contraction, revealing collagen fibers in the basement membrane and underlying connective tissue. Furthermore, the plasma membrane of endothelial cells becomes adhesive, preparing the site for platelet adhesion. Platelets...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 13, 2026

Comprehensive Analysis of Procoagulant Platelets Exhibiting Features of Necrosis, Apoptosis and Platelet Activation
04:37

Comprehensive Analysis of Procoagulant Platelets Exhibiting Features of Necrosis, Apoptosis and Platelet Activation

Published on: May 23, 2025

Platelet abnormalities during colonic inflammation.

Serena L S Yan1, Janice Russell, Norman R Harris

  • 1Department of Molecular & Cellular Physiology, LSU Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana 71130-3932, USA.

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
|March 23, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in patients shows altered platelet function and increased thrombosis risk. This study successfully replicated these platelet abnormalities, including thrombocytosis and platelet-leukocyte interactions, in mouse models of colitis.

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Real-time Imaging of Heterotypic Platelet-neutrophil Interactions on the Activated Endothelium During Vascular Inflammation and Thrombus Formation in Live Mice
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Real-time Imaging of Heterotypic Platelet-neutrophil Interactions on the Activated Endothelium During Vascular Inflammation and Thrombus Formation in Live Mice

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Intravital Microscopy of Leukocyte-endothelial and Platelet-leukocyte Interactions in Mesenterial Veins in Mice
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Intravital Microscopy of Leukocyte-endothelial and Platelet-leukocyte Interactions in Mesenterial Veins in Mice

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Last Updated: May 13, 2026

Comprehensive Analysis of Procoagulant Platelets Exhibiting Features of Necrosis, Apoptosis and Platelet Activation
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Real-time Imaging of Heterotypic Platelet-neutrophil Interactions on the Activated Endothelium During Vascular Inflammation and Thrombus Formation in Live Mice
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Real-time Imaging of Heterotypic Platelet-neutrophil Interactions on the Activated Endothelium During Vascular Inflammation and Thrombus Formation in Live Mice

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Intravital Microscopy of Leukocyte-endothelial and Platelet-leukocyte Interactions in Mesenterial Veins in Mice
05:12

Intravital Microscopy of Leukocyte-endothelial and Platelet-leukocyte Interactions in Mesenterial Veins in Mice

Published on: August 13, 2015

Area of Science:

  • * Hematology
  • * Immunology
  • * Gastroenterology

Background:

  • * Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) exhibit increased susceptibility to microvascular thrombosis and thromboembolism.
  • * This heightened risk is associated with enhanced coagulation, platelet function abnormalities, thrombocytosis, and elevated prothrombotic cytokines.
  • * Platelet-leukocyte interactions are also significantly altered in IBD patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To determine if key platelet alterations observed in human IBD can be replicated in murine models of colonic inflammation.
  • * Investigate thrombocytosis, altered platelet functions, and enhanced platelet-leukocyte interactions in dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) and T-cell transfer colitis models.

Main Methods:

  • * Flow cytometry was employed to analyze platelet function in whole blood from control and colitic mice.
  • * Platelets were identified using CD41 expression; immature platelets were distinguished by thiazole orange labeling.
  • * Platelet activation and aggregates with leukocytes (PLA), neutrophils (PNA), and monocytes (PMA) were quantified using specific antibody markers.

Main Results:

  • * Colonic inflammation in mice was associated with thrombocytosis, leukocytosis, and the presence of immature platelets.
  • * Colitic mice displayed increased circulating activated platelets and significant formation of PLA, PNA, and PMA.
  • * Selectin blockade with fucoidin effectively inhibited the formation of dextran sodium sulfate-induced PLA.

Conclusions:

  • * Murine models of colonic inflammation, specifically DSS and T-cell transfer models, effectively recapitulate many altered platelet functions seen in human IBD.
  • * These findings validate the use of these animal models for studying IBD-associated thrombosis and platelet dysregulation.
  • * The study highlights the role of platelet activation and aggregation with leukocytes in the pathogenesis of experimental colitis.