Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 13, 2026

Screening Peptides that Activate MRGPRX2 using Engineered HEK Cells
Published on: November 6, 2021
UPR Signal Activation by Luminal Sensor Domains
Marta Carrara1, Filippo Prischi, Maruf M U Ali
1Department of Life Sciences, Centre for Structural Biology, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK. maruf.ali@imperial.ac.uk.
The unfolded protein response (UPR) is a cellular system that senses and responds to misfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). This review explores how UPR sensor proteins detect unfolded proteins to restore cell balance.
Area of Science:
- Molecular Biology
- Cellular Biology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- The unfolded protein response (UPR) is a critical cellular pathway.
- It maintains endoplasmic reticulum (ER) homeostasis by managing unfolded proteins.
- Dysregulation of UPR is linked to various diseases.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review proposed mechanisms of unfolded protein detection by UPR sensor domains.
- To elucidate how these sensors initiate downstream signaling.
- To provide a comprehensive overview of UPR activation.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of UPR research.
- Analysis of proposed molecular mechanisms for unfolded protein sensing.
- Discussion of signaling pathways involving IRE1, PERK, and ATF6.
Main Results:
- Multiple mechanisms for unfolded protein detection by ER-luminal sensor domains are discussed.
- The roles of IRE1, PERK, and ATF6 in UPR activation are detailed.
- The propagation of UPR signals from the ER to the cytosol is explained.
Conclusions:
- Understanding UPR sensor mechanisms is key to UPR signaling.
- This knowledge can inform therapeutic strategies targeting UPR.
- Further research is needed to fully elucidate these complex pathways.
More Related Videos
11:20An Integrated System to Remotely Trigger Intracellular Signal Transduction by Upconversion Nanoparticle-mediated Kinase Photoactivation
Published on: August 30, 2017
12:27A Pipeline to Investigate the Structures and Signaling Pathways of Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Receptors
Published on: June 8, 2022
Related Concept Videos
Signal Transduction: Overview
Typically, signal transduction involves three...
Amplifying Signals via Enzymatic Cascade
Endocrine Signaling
IP3/DAG Signaling Pathway
Transducer Mechanism: Enzyme-Linked Receptors
Major types that are helpful drug targets include:
Gene Regulation in Microbial Communities: Quorum Sensing